金属纳米结构材料的研制-无机化学专业论文.docxVIP

奎塑三奎堂堡主堂篁堡墨 奎塑三奎堂堡主堂篁堡墨 一 Study and preparation of metal nano-structured material Abstract 1．10-Decandiol is used as reducing agent to synthesize magnetic cobalt nanoparticles埘血 the surfaetants of oleic acid and ethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether(OP)．The structure and the valency state of cobalt nanoparticles are measured by XRD and XPS．The morphology is surveyed by TE31 and laser particle size detector respectively．The results show that the cobMt nanoparticles consist of 11印phase and the average size is about 20 nln．To change the preparation conditions，cobalt nanorings ale pmduced for the first time．The outer diameter of the rings is about 65脚，and the inner one’S is near 55 mn． Cobalt salts ale reduced to magnetic cobalt nanoparticles by hydrazine reduction method in the ethanol system．The particles are packed by polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVn to protect oxidation．The results ofXPd)、XPS、TIN and laser particle sizer detector show that the cobalt nanoparticles comet ofhcp phase，and the average size is about 30 nm．The circular grams are dispersed well in the hexane．Changing the suffaetant concentration and using the macromoleeule PVP as soft template，nanosized cobalt porous rod and ruanoscale common cobalt rod are synthesized．The cobalt porous rod consist ofboth hcp and fcc phases，with the ratio of about 1：1．The porous md is about 200～500 nra in length and 20～40 Iml in diameter．The diameter of the hole is about 8 Bin．With the increasing of concentration of cobalt salts，the diameter of the porous rod Can reach 40～60 nm．Whereas the length of comnlon cobalt rod is close to 3～4 gm，and the diameter is about 70～100 nm．Last，the mechanism ofboth cobalt porous rod and common md is discussed simply． Using the same synthesis method and the mechanism ofcommon cobalt rod，we prepare nanosized nickel rod．The nickel rod is approximate 500～650 nrrl long and the diamension is close to 50 rim，consisting of fcc phase．Meanwhile，nickel、copper and silver spherical nanoparticles are synthesized