金属一氧化物界面结构的电子显微镜研究及电子动力衍射的应用-凝聚态物理专业论文.docxVIP

刘红荣 刘红荣 湘潭大学硕士毕业论义 摘 要 金属．氧化物(Metal．oxide interface)界面在很多先进的应用材 料中匙着{誊常重要静作雳，有时甚至起羞决定性豹馋瘸，毙翅： 功能金属陶瓷材料、氧化物弥散强化合金、金属的氧化物防护、 催纯蘩等等。众搿髑翔，材籽麓宏鼹瞧矮是毒荚徽躐结橡所决定 的，因此，为了改善材料的宏观性能我们有必要弄清楚材料的界 嚣与基体之闻豹结梅关系，妇爨匿蕊藤子结构、失配位镨、纯学 键合、应力场的分布等等。 在上氆笼，入稍己对燕秀秽相舞蘸结构逡行了大釜豹骈究， 同时，相关的理论如“重位点阵”和“O～点阵”理论也发展成熟。 然焉，对金满一氧化物赛鬻结构豹研究却稠对少一些，这主要是由 于金属与氧化物之间的性质相麓非常大，与金属相反，氧化物通 常穰脆、绝热、热彩涨系数小，晶格常数也不同予金耩，有瓣甚 至相差很大，而且，制备金属．氯化物界面比较困难，在电子显微 镜下全面圭氇虢察一个合逶鹃赛繇也是一项令人乏辣的工{乍。 我们用内氧化方法成功地制备了Cu．MgO界面，运用遴射电 子显徽镜对大量不褥滚商瀚赛瑟进行了磷究。透过奄子褥辩图确 定了Cu与MgO之间的各种取向关系；根据高分辨像对界面结构 送行了研究；遥避计算模攘验诞了重位点阵稀0．点降理论。 而且，在电子全息照片和电子动力衍射相结合的基础上我们 提出了一秘测量电镜样黼潭度弱样晶i#弹瞧散射自出程的薪方 法。 关键词：金属．氧化物，界面，高分辨像，O．点阵，电子动力衍射 刘红荣 刘红荣 湘潭大学砸士毕业论立 Abstract Metal—oxide interfaces are of major importance for many advanced materials，sometimes，they play箍key role for some special materials such as functional ceramics with metals， oxide dispersion—strengthened alloys，oxide coatings on metals，catalysts etc． It iS well known that the macroscopic properties of materials are decided by their microstructures．In order to improve the properties of materials。one needs to understand the structural relationship between interface and matrix of the materials，such as interface atomic structure，misfit dislocation，chemical bond structure，stress field distribution，composition segregation etc． There are tremendous research works on the grain boundary and interface structures during last century and the sophisticated theory about grain boundary and interface，i．e．coincidence site lattice and O-lattice theories had been developed simultaneously．However the study of metal．oxide hetero．interface iS relatively iess because the properties of metals and oxides usually differ extremely from each other，Contrary to metals，the oxides are usually very brittle， elastically stiffer，insulating and exhibit less thermal expansion and their crystal lattice constants are different from metals+Moreover,the preparation of specimen of metal*oxide interface is ve