课件：感冒和用药安全.ppt

R Eccles, Common Cold Centre Cardiff UK * Mucus can be deposited on commonly touched surfaces and then transmitted by finger contamination to nose or eye. Viruses survive only hours on contaminated surfaces. Colds are spread in this way, especially at ahome and in public places. * Most colds are caught at home as you need close and prolonged contact with someone who has a cold in order to be infected as colds are not very contagious. * Professor Ron Eccles is Director of the Common Cold Centre. He is a scientist with doctoral qualifications in pharmacology. He has been involved in research on the nose and upper airways since 1969 and is actively involved in clinical trials to test new medications for the treatment of common cold, influenza and nasal allergy. He has worked at Cardiff University since 1973 and established the Common Cold Centre in 1988. * The chilled person associates the recent chilling experience with the development of common cold symptoms and says they have ‘caught’ a cold when in reality they already had a sub-clinical infection and chilling has merely allowed the virus to get the upper hand over a slowed immune response and slower mucociliary clearance. BACKGROUND: There is a common folklore that chilling of the body surface causes the development of common cold symptoms, but previous clinical research has failed to demonstrate any effect of cold exposure on susceptibility to infection with common cold viruses. OBJECTIVE: This study will test the hypothesis that acute cooling of the feet causes the onset of common cold symptoms. METHODS: 180 healthy subjects were randomized to receive either a foot chill or control procedure. All subjects were asked to score common cold symptoms, before and immediately after the procedures, and twice a day for 4/5 days. RESULTS: 13/90 subjects who were chilled reported they were suffering from a cold in the 4/5 days after the procedure compared to 5/90 control subjects (P=0.047). There was no evidence that chi