马克思文学批评理论.pptVIP

Social Classes Proletariat Bourgeoisie: wealthy and petit Lumpen proletariat: criminals, vagabonds, beggars,etc Landlords Peasantry and farmers Marxist Literary Criticism Definition Marxist literary criticism is a loose term describing literary criticism based on socialist and dialectic theories. Marxist criticism views literary works as reflections of the social institutions from which they originate. According to Marxists, even literature itself is a social institution and has a specific ideological function, based on the background and ideology of the author. Marxist Literary Criticism Main ideas Social being and consciousness: The social situation of the author determines the types of characters that will develop, the political ideas displayed and the economical statements developed in the text. Superstructure and literature:Literature may be part of the superstructure, but it is not merely the passive reflection of the economic base. Elements of the superstructure constantly react back upon and influence the economic base Form and literature:the truly social element in literature is the form, every definite content determines a form suitable to it defectiveness of form, arises from defectiveness of content Main ideas Form and ideology:the relationship between form and content is determined by the fact that the new form is discovered, proclaimed and evolved under the pressure of an inner need, of a collective psychological demand which, like everything else...has its social roots Reflectionist theory:how works of lit relate to the real world. True knowledge, is a more profound and comprehensive reflection of objective reality than is given in appearance. art as production. Writer is the producer Early time Feature Limited within the formula that economic base determines the superstucture Main ideas Literature: reflection of the social reality, which is determined directly by economic power Representatives: Vladimir Maksimovich Friche, Caudwell Bet