英语人教版八年级上册8Bunit8period2.pptVIP

Unit 8 Section A Period 2 (3a-4c) Have you heard of these books? Alice in Wonderland Little Women Have you heard of these books? Treasure Island Have you heard of these books? Oliver Twist Have you heard of these books? Robinson Crusoe Have you heard of these books? Tom Sawyer Have you heard of these books? Grammar Focus: Read grammar focus, find out the important words. already(已经） 用法 : 位置： yet （一般：已经） （否：尚且，还） 用法： 位置： 一般用于肯定句/用于疑问句时表示惊讶，出乎意料。 常放于句中，实义动词之前，助动词，be动词，情态动词之后。 用于否定句或一般疑问句。 常放在句尾，not yet常用在答语中，意为“尚未；还没有”。 The Present Perfect with already, yet 1. Have you watered the plants yet? Yes, I have already watered them. 2. Have you finished your homework yet? Yes, I have already finished it. 3. Have you found your bike yet? Yes, I have already found it. ever和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未”等。 —Have you ever been to the Great Wall? ???? 你曾经去过长城吗？ —No, I have never been to the Great Wall.???? 不, 我从未去过长城。 补充： Grammar Present perfect tense: Verb form : have /has+done(Vp.p) ●现在完成时的用法: (1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常使用just, already, yet等时间副词。 —Have you had lunch yet? ???? 你吃了午饭吗？ —Yes, I’ve just had it.???? 是的, 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)??? (2) 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。since后接时间点或过去时 的句子；for后接时间段。 He has taught here since 1981.他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教) I haven’t seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。 I haven’t seen him for two years. 我已经两年没见到他了。 She has taught us since last year. 自从去年起她教我们。 I have skated since I was four years old. 从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。 (3) 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语, 如just, before, up to now等。 I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她, 但记不起在哪里见过。??? 现在完成时中延续性动词和终止性动词 英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的。 终止性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成, 不能再延续, 所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用, 即不能与表示一段时间的状语, 如for + 时间段、 since + 时间点 / 从句连用, 也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。 若保留for + 时间段, since + 时间点 / 从句, 或用在 how long句型中, 则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。 以下是常用的瞬间性动词和延续性动词转换对应表: come —be here