中考定语从句精讲+练习答案.doc

WORD格式-专业学习资料-可编辑 学习资料分享 中考定语从句精讲 一、定语从句的概念 （参照行知先下P118 127）??? 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 ??? 二、定语从句的关系词 ??? 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 关系词的三个作业： 1.引导定语从句 2.代替先行词 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 定语从句 用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的 名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先 行词的后面。 1. The students (who don’t study hard) will not pass the exam. 先行词 定语从句 主句: The students will not pass the exam 2. The woman (who you saw in the park) is our English teacher. 先行词 定语从句 主句: The woman is our English teacher 3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes). 主句：A shoe shop is a shop. 从句的主语：which 4. The book (that you want) is on the desk. 主句：The book is on the desk 从句的主语:you 从句的宾语：that 引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。 The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room. 主语 I lost the book(( that/which ) you gave me). 宾语??? 三、定语从句的分类 ??? 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 ??? 四、关系代词的用法 ??? 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:??? Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的 HYPERLINK /yinyue/ \t _blank 音乐。(that作主语) ??? The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) ??? 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: ??? The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) ??? The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. (作宾语) which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) Is this the library from which you borrow books???? 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: 1.）who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher.（做宾语） A person who steals things is called a thief.（做主语）??? The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在 HYPERLINK / \t _blank 英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) ??