大卫·李嘉图作品选·政治经济学及赋税原理(一)(英文)_[英] 大卫·李嘉图.pdfVIP

大卫·李嘉图作品选 政治经济学及赋税原理(一) [英] 大卫·李嘉图 著 辽宁电子图书有限责任公司 [英] 大卫·李嘉图 辽宁电子图书有限责任公司 120千字 2002121 200212 1 ISBN L-YY-0241 \F820.2 5 PREFACE The produce of the earth - all that is derived from its surface by the united application of labour, machinery, and capital, is divided among three classes of the community; namely, the proprietor of the land, the owner of the stock or capital necessary for its cultivation, and the labourers by whose industry it is cultivated. But in different stages of society, the proportions of the whole produce of the earth which will be allotted to each of these classes, under the names of rent, profit, and wages, will be essentially different; depending mainly on the actual fertility of the soil, on the accumulation of capital and population, and on the skill, ingenuity, and instruments employed in agriculture. To determine the laws which regulate this distribution, is the principal problem in Political Economy: much as the science has been improved by the writings of Turgot, Stuart, Smith, Say, Sismondi, and others, they afford very little satisfactory information respecting the natural course of rent, profit, and wages. In 1815, Mr Malthus, in his Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent, and a Fellow of University College, Oxford. in his Essay on the Application of Capital to Land, presented to the world, nearly at the same moment, the true doctrine of rent; without a knowledge of which, it is impossible to understand the effect of the progress of wealth on profits and wages, or to trace satisfactorily the influence of taxation on different classes of the community; particula