基于综合指数法的白龙江流域生物多样性空间分异特征-Open.PDF

基于综合指数法的白龙江流域生物多样性空间分异特征 摘要：大中区域尺度上生物多样性空间分布格局识别是制定和实施区域生物多样性保护计划的前提条件， 也是生物多样性保护确定优先区域研究工作迫切需要解决的关键问题之一。本文拟以甘肃白龙江流域为例， 结合InVEST 模型和遥感、GIS 技术，以区域生境质量、植物净初级生产力和景观状态指数为评价指标， 应用归一化处理方法，构建区域生物多样性空间格局综合评估方法，在栅格像元尺度上对白龙江流域进行 生物多样性评价，分析流域生物多样性空间分异特征。结果表明：白龙江流域生物多样性较为丰富，空间 分异特征明显。生物多样性较高的区域（Ⅰ和Ⅱ级以上）面积约占39.80%，且主要集中在自然保护区和林 业管护区。生物多样性较低的地区主要分布在舟曲-武都-文县的白龙江两岸及其以北区域、宕昌县岷江沿 岸、高寒稀疏植被区和高山积雪-裸岩区。 关键词: 生物多样性；评价指标；空间分异；InVEST 模型；甘肃白龙江流域 Assessment and spatial variation of biodiversity in the Bailong River Watershed of the Gansu Province Abstract: The loss of biodiversity has become one of major global environmental problems, and it is urgent to strengthen biodiversity conservation and its protection. Identifying and understanding the spatial variation of biodiversity in the regional scale is the first step and urgent need in the formulation and implementation of biodiversity protection scheme, has become the focus of biodiversity assessment in the large and medium scale. Bailong River Watershed of Gansu Province (BRWGP), one of the most abundant biodiversity areas in China, which located in the transitional ecotone along the Tibet Plateau, Loess Plateau and Qinba Mountains, is selected to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of biodiversity. By taking three assessment indicators (habitat quality, vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) and landscape state index), this paper constructed a comprehensive index system of biodiversity spatial pattern and applied for its spatial differentiation analysis under the landscape geography perspective. Our goal is to revise the biodiversity evaluation module of InVEST model and show of biodiversity spatial pattern on the gird cell. The results indicated that the biodiversity was high and had obvious spatial pattern variation. Land area of higher biodiversity