集体名词作主语.doc

集体名词作主语 1. 集体名词如：army，class，audience，enemy，family，crew，government，group，team，couple，party，union，public，nation，crowd，population，company，majority，committee等作主语时，如果强调的是整体，即把它看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数；如果强调组成的个体，即把它看成其中的成分（个体），谓语动词常用复数形式。 2. 有些集体名词如：people，police，cattle，folk，youth（青年），poultry（家禽），vermin（害虫），militia（民兵）等作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 3. 有些无生命的集体名词如 equipment，furniture，machinery（机器），foliage（树叶），merchandise（货物）等在句中充当主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Much of her jewellery was stolen. Some of the furniture has been moved to another room. 并列结构作主语 1. and 连接的两个名词作主语，表示不同的人或事物，其概念是复数，句子谓语动词用复数形式。 The headmaster and the maths teacher are going to attend the meeting. What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged his brother. 2. and 连接两个名词，指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Our League secretary and monitor takes the lead in everything. My teacher and friend is a young girl. Bread and butter is served for breakfast. A knife and fork is on the table. 3. and 后加 no 或 not 构成复合主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Tom, (and) not Jim, is going to visit New York City All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 4. 当主语为 many a ＋名词＋ and ＋ many a ＋名词；no ＋名词＋ and ＋ no ＋名词时，谓语依然用单数形式。 No teacher and no student has seen the film. 5. and 连接的并列主语为单数概念，前面有 every，each 等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Every man-worker and every woman-worker enjoys free medicine care. Each actor and actress was invited. 6. each 放在主语后面，修饰复数概念的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The boy and the girl each have their own toys. They each have a book to read in the reading room. 7. both… and… 连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Both he and his parents are going to visit the Great Wall next month. 8. 当 either… or…，neither… nor…，not only… but also，not… but…，or 等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应遵循“临近一致”的原则，即根据最接近谓语的主语来变，当邻近的主语为单数时，谓语用单数；当邻近的主语为复数时，谓语用复数。 9. 当主语后面跟有 with，together with，along with，as well as，like，but，except，besides，including，as much as，more than，no less than，rather than，in addition to 等短语时，谓语动词应和（不亚于）第一个名词的人称和数保持一致。 时间长度等复数名词作主语 通常作整体看待，谓语动词用单数。 Ten minutes is enough to get there. 但是，如果把这一复数名词看作一个个的个体时，句子的谓语动词常用复数形式。