基于任播的簇间路由协议研究-计算机软件与理论专业论文.docxVIP

Wireless∞=11sor Wireless∞=11sor network consisting of a large number of small sensor,3 with low-power transceiver cart be all effective tool for gathering data in a variety of environment．n博collected data must be transmitted to the base station for further processing．A Iarge number of sensors，whose energy ale offered by battery,are deployed to sense the environments．Since a network consists of sensors wim limited battery energy,the method for data gathering and routing must be energy efficient in order to prolong the life time ofthe network． LEACH is all elegant energy efficient protocol to maximize the lifetime of sensor network．Starting from the basic idea of LEACH．this dissertation introduced a Routing Algorithm of adjacent Clusters based on Any-cast．which can be used in wireless sensor network．TIlis algorithm requires location information of all nodes of the network．It clusters nodes into group．ne areas of clustering are determined and 丘xcd by the base station．The algorithm rotates cluster heads based on the energy of nodes and the cost．n地hc乏Id node is adopted and formed a cluster one is jumped and communicated with the base station more to form a cluster． Finally,this dissertation simulated the new algorithm using NS．2．Simulation results show that the algorism performs better than LEACH ill ea=onomize Oll energy and load balance． Key words：wireless sensor networks；LEACH；routing protocol；Anycast protocol Ⅱ 插图清单图2．1传感器网络节点的组成 插图清单 图2．1传感器网络节点的组成 ．7 图2．2传感器网络的体系结构 ．8 图2．3无线传感器网络的协议栈 ．9 图2．4常见无线传感器路由协议分类 12 图2．5泛洪协议中的“内爆”现象 图2．6泛洪协议中的“重叠”现象 14 图2．7闲聊协议中的“重发”现象” 15 图2．8 SPⅣ协议示意图 16 图2．9定向扩散路由示意图 17 图2．10 LEACH协议示意图 19 t 图2．11 PEGASIS路由协议示意图 ．22 图2．12 GEAR路由协议中通过学习找到绕过空洞路径示意图 ．．25 图2．13 GEAR中目标区域转发策略示意图 。26 图2．14 SPEED协议框架 ．27 图3．1任播选路示意图 30 图3．2网络拓扑示意图 34 图3．3无线传感器路由的一个完整周期 37 图3．4簇首节点的选举算法 40 图3．5网关节点数据包处理流程图 43 图3．6 COMMAND函数示意图 ．44 图3．7节点处理接受的数据包N．S图 46 图4．1NS-2体系结构 图4．2 NS构建库 48 图4．3利用NS进行模拟的过程 ．50 图4．4节点死亡率示意图 55 图4．5网络能量消耗示意图 56 图4．6接收数据量示意图 57 VⅡ 表格清单表2．1常用