初中动词不定式的用法.pptVIP

初中动词不定式的用法 景泰三中 李积红 一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语 1．To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 2. It’s dangerous to drive very fast. 二、作表语 My idea is to ring him up at once. 三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： agree(同意),hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。 He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已决心去乡下。 四、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。 e.g ：I don’t know who to ask. 五、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach ask等后面的直接宾语。 e.g ：She told me where to find the earphone. 六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。  e.g ：I found it difficult to stop him. 七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。  e.g ： I’m worrying about what to do next. 八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。  e.g ：I have a lot of books to read. 此时，如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。  e.g ：We had only a cold room to live in. 我们只有寒室一间。 九、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有主谓关系。 e.g ：He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 十、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词之间只有修饰关系。 e.g ：We have no time to go to town today. 今天我们没有时间去城里。 十一、作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。 e.g ：I’m glad to meet you. e.g They ran over to welcome the foreign guests. 十二、不定式复合结构“for sb to do sth”可用作主语、表语、定语、状语等。 e.g ：It’s for her to decide. （表语） e.g ：There are many books for you to read. （定语） e.g The book is too difficult for children to read. （结果状语） 不定式复合结构作主语时，需注意： It’s + 形容词 + for / of + sb + to do sth. 当上面的形容词指的是to do sth的性质时，用介词for。 e.g ：It’s dangerous for children to swim in the river. 当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, careless e.g ：It was careless of you to do that. 十三、动词hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to, 即常见的形式为: hear sb do sth等 Many people like to watch others play games. 许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏. 十四、let, make, have后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, 也不能带to; help后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, to可有可无 。 She let us meet her at the station, but she didn