汉英存现句的比较及汉语存现句的教学方法-汉语国际教育专业论文.docxVIP

摘要摘要 摘要 摘要 存现句是现代汉语中具有鲜明特点的一种句式，也一直是语法学界讨论的 热点。学者们对存现句的研究视角广泛，成果显著。从上个世纪20年代学者们 主要侧重于句法平面上对存现句的研究到上个世纪80年代三个平面语法理论的 提出，陆续有学者从语义结构和语用特征方面入手研究存现句。本文试图在学 习和借鉴前辈们研究成果的基础上，以三个平面语法理论为指导，逐一考察对 比汉英存现句的特点，发现并总结汉英存现句的差异和共性，再结合针对留学 生调查的案例，对存现句掌握偏误进行归类，从语言认知方式角度提出针对存 现句掌握的教学对策。 全文共分五章。 第一章对本文考察对象一存现句界定范围的概述，将考察对象限定为7种 句式，即“有”字存现句，“是”字存现句，“V着”存现句，“V了”存现旬，“V 有”存现句，光杆动词存现句和无动词存现句。本文以三个平面语法理论为指 导，考察对比汉英存现句的差异和共性。第二章提出针对汉语存现句的教学方 法和讲解设计教学教案并实施。在实践中总结比发现学生在习得汉语存现旬的 过程中产生的偏误。第三章根据学生在课堂上呈现出来的偏误，分析英语为母 语留学生存现句偏误原因。第四章偏误成因分析，依据第三章所做分析，为今 后的存现句教学提出建议和设计。第六章为结语部分，提出研究价值并分析本 文不足，提出今后研究方向。 关键词：存现句；语言习得；教学建议 Abstract。————————————————————————————————————————一 Abstract 。————————————————————————————————————————一 Abstract As a characteristic sentence type，Existential sentence has been the hot subj ect 1n 1inguistics field．And many linguistics masters have studied Existential Sentence 1n diversified memods and got lots of achievements．From 1 920s，masters always studied Existential sentence from syntax；with the bringing forward of the three—dimensional grammar from 1 980s，more and more masters studied ExistentiaJ sentence in selnantic structure and pragmatic characteristics，and received many achiev锄ents．Under the guidance of three—dimension grammar,basing On concrete language materials，this paper makes contrast between Existential sentence m Mad撕n Chinese and in English and finds the differences and similarities between Mad撕n Chinese and English；sorts mistakes which got from practice teaching cases on language and puts forward some suggestions on Existential teaching based acquisition． The paper consists of five chapters· The first chapter introduces the criterion of differentiating Existential sentence， there are seven sentence styles totally as follows：“you(有)”construction，“shi(是)” construction，··verb+2|he(着)”construction，’’Verb+le(了)”construction，“Verb+ vou(有)”construction，national verb only construction and without verb constructlon· This chapter gets the differences and similarities between E