韩国领事保护机制及其对中国启示-外交学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘要 随着全球化的快速发展和国际经济一体化进程的加速，海外利益在各国利益 格局中的地位愈加重要。为了更好地保护本国企业、公民在海外的正当权益，各 国政府日益重视领事保护的作用。作为东亚国家，韩国在领事保护方面形成了较 为成熟的模式，值得中国借鉴。 本文从纵向和横向两个维度论述了韩国领事保护机制的发展过程和主要内 容。韩国领事保护起源于 19 世纪末，但直至二战结束韩国赢得独立之后才开始 真正得到发展，尤其是随着 20 世纪 60 年代国内经济的发展和企业的海外扩张， 韩国领事保护机制逐步得到完善。领事保护机制主要由早期预防、危机处理和后 勤保障三个方面构成。在早期预防方面，韩国在宣传教育、机构建设、信息统计、 海外安全预警及评估四个方面构建了较为完善的体系，取得了良好的效果；危机 应对方面，本文分别从法律法规、机构设置、制度规定三个方面进行了论述；后 勤保障方面，本文分别从资金保障机制和人力资源保障机制两方面进行了论述。 最后，本文从早期预防、危机处理和后勤保障三个方面分别对中韩两国领事 保护机制进行对比分析，并总结了韩国领事保护机制对中国的有益启示，以便使 中国更好地完善本国的领事保护机制，维护本国的海外利益。 关键词：韩国，领事保护，领事保护机制，海外利益 II II Abstract With the rapid development of globalization and acceleration of international economic integration process, importance of overseas interests is growing in pattern of interests of countries. In order to better protect the legitimate rights of companies and citizens abroad, countries play increasing emphasis on the role of consular protection. As an East Asian country, South Korea forms a relatively mature pattern in terms of consular protection, from which China can draw experiences. This paper discusses the development process and main content of South Korean consular protection mechanism from both vertical and horizontal dimensions. The South Korean consular protection originated in late 19th century, but developed until the end of World Word II, when South Korean gained independence. Especially, with the development of domestic economy and overseas expansion of enterprises, South Korean consular protection mechanism has been improved gradually. Consular protection consists of early prevention, crisis handling and logistics support. In early prevention, South Korean build relatively complete system in publicity and education, institution building, information statistics and warning and assessment of overseas security, and achieves good effect; in crisis handling, this paper discusses from laws and regulation, institutional settings and rules separately; in logistics support, this paper discusses from two aspec