榕树及其传粉榕小蜂的系统发育和协同进化研究现状及展望-生物多样性.PDF

生物多样性 2008, 16 (5): 446–453 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08149 Biodiversity Science http: // 榕树及其传粉榕小蜂的系统发育和协同 进化研究现状及展望 徐 磊 杨大荣* (中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 昆明 650223) 摘要: 榕属(Ficus)是有花植物中最大的木本属, 全世界有750多种。榕树及其传粉榕小蜂形成的种类专一的互惠共 生系统, 长期以来被作为研究共生系统比较生物学和协同进化的模式材料。虽然从20世纪90年代才开始对榕树— 榕小蜂体系开展分子系统发育研究, 但由于这个体系的特殊性和分子技术的快速发展, 越来越多的学者开始利用 分子学手段来研究榕—蜂共生系统的一系列生物学问题。本文总结了近年来对榕树及其传粉榕小蜂开展的系统发 育及协同进化方面的研究, 并分析了中国此方面的研究现状, 对未来的研究趋势和前景进行了展望。 关键词: 榕树, 榕小蜂, 互惠共生, 分子系统发育, 协同物种形成 A brief review of phylogenetic reconstruction and co-evolution of fig–wasp mutualism * Lei Xu, Darong Yang Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chin ese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223 Abstract: Figs (Ficus, Moraceae) constitute one of the greatest genera of flowering plants with ca. 750 spe- cies worldwide. Figs and fig wasps form an obligate specific mutualism, which is treated as the model system to study comparative biology of mutualism and co-evolution. This extraordinary system has received in- creasing attention because of its specificity and the development of the molecular technologies, although the phylogenetic reconstruction of both partners began in the 1990’s. In this paper, we summarized the research on phylogenetic relationships and fig–fig wasp co-evolution. We also analyzed interrelated researches in China and the future developing trends in research on this mutualism. Key words: figs, fig wasps, mutualism, molecular phylogeny, co-speciation 榕树是荨麻目桑科榕属(Ficus)全部树种的总 1970; Janzen, 1979; Bronstein McKey, 1989; Herre