chapter 14 癌基因与抑癌基因.pptVIP

Liyan Xu 3. 致癌病毒 A 使人体直接致癌 B 使正常细胞转化为癌细胞 C 均为DNA病毒 D 均为RNA病毒 E 含转化酶 4. 不属于癌基因产物的是 A 化学致癌物 B 生长因子类似物 C 结合GTP的蛋白质 D 结合DNA的蛋白质 E 酪氨酸蛋白激酶 5. 有关抑癌基因,错误的叙述是 A 能抑制细胞的分化 B 能抑制细胞过度生长 C 突变后可导致肿瘤形成 D 可诱导细胞凋亡 E 最早发现的抑癌基因是Rb 6. 有关P53蛋白,错误的描述是 A 其基因位于17p13, 突变后可致癌 B 能引发修复失败的细胞程序自杀 C 有“基因卫士”的称号 D 有转录因子作用 E 能激活解链酶 7. 有关Rb基因,错误的描述是 A 位于13q14 B 是一种抑癌基因 C 其作用与E-2F有关 D 其编码蛋白为P21 E 突变后可导致肿瘤发生 8. 关于凋亡,正确的叙述是 A 是一种病理过程 B 是细胞坏死 C 由意外事件引起的细胞损伤造成 D 由基因控制的细胞自我消亡的过程 E 与癌基因的表达调控无关 9. 生殖细胞抑癌基因的突变可引起 A 生殖功能障碍 B 各种先天性的肿瘤 C 家族性的肿瘤易感性 D 后代的发育正常 E 家族性癌症发病率下降 * Oncogene Cancer suppressive gene The basic concept 1 oncogene: These genes code for proteins that are capable of stimulating cell growth and division. In normal tissues and organisms, such growth-stimulating proteins are regulated, so that growth is appropriately limited. However, changes/mutation in these genes may result in loss of growth regulation, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor development. These changed genes are known as oncogenes, because they induce the oncogenic state — cancer. Oncogenes are dominant, because a change/mutation of only one of the cell’s two copies of that gene can lead to tumor formation. The basic concept 2 proto-oncogenes: The normal precurcers of these above genes are termed proto-oncogenes and are essential for normal cell growth and differentiation. proto-oncogenes is also called as cellular oncogenes. 3 virus oncogene: these genes are in viruses, may leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor development. Virus oncogenes are homolog with that corresponding cellular oncogenes. The basic concept 4 cancer suppressive genes: These genes code for proteins whose normal function is to turn off cell growth. A change/mutation in one of these growth-limiting genes may result in a protein product that has lost its growth limiting ability. The normal forms of such gense have been shown to suppress tumor growth and are known as tumor suppressor genes