汉语颜色词探微-语言学及应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要颜色词是颜色认知在语言上的反映。受生理、心理和文化影响，颜色词可以 摘要 颜色词是颜色认知在语言上的反映。受生理、心理和文化影响，颜色词可以 反映主体世界与客体世界两方面的内容。这篇文章运用语义学和认知心理学的原 理，对汉语颜色词进行了语法、语义及语用方面的探究。语法方面，汉语颜色词 包括单项式、复合式、派生式、单变式、复合变式几种结构方式。其中单项式主 要是古汉语颜色词在现代汉语中的遗留。复合式和派牛式中又各自有一些特殊的 部分。单变式和复合变式的颜色词在现代汉语中比较多，各个变体之间在语法上 有原级和比较级的区别，语义上并没有发生本质变化。汉语颜色词大多具有多义 性，除了表示颜色的义位，还有很多义位表示的是色彩以外内容。颜色词与含彩 词语进行比较，应当注意以义位为单位。不应笼统地说含彩词表示颜色以外的内 容，颜色词指向色彩本身。汉语颜色词在运中的一些逻辑上的超常搭配，往往会 促使颜色词产生新的义位或普遍的联想意义。社会生活、人们的思想、语言本身 都会对颜色词的发展产生影响。从一些新出现的颜色词中，常常可以窥见主体世 界某个方面的变更。而隐喻映射则是汉语颜色词意义派生的内在机制，这使得汉 语颜色词的各个义位之间，有着紧密地联系。形成这种情形的根本原因，是人类 共同的隐喻式认知方式。在进行汉外颜色词的对比时，将表面的文化差异纳入认 知研究的框架下，更有助于我们对芜杂零碎的表面现象，作出深层的抽象概括。 关键词： 颜色词形态变化义位隐喻映射 ABSTRACTColor ABSTRACT Color words the cognition of color reflected in the language．Influenced by physiology，physiology and culture，color words reflect two aspects of the world， subjective world and the objective world．This paper explores the syntactic，semantic and pragmatic characteristics of Chinese color words with semantics and cognitive psychology．Color words in Chinese language have three types of grammar variants， including mono·type，poly-type，derived-type，mono·variant，poly-variant．Mono-ty’pe is the legacy of ancient Chinese language．Both poly·type and derived—type have their own special pans．Mono·variant and poly-variant quite more in modem Chinese． There are differences between the variants in positive degree and comparative degree but no essential change in semantic meaning．Most color words in Chinese are polysemic that indicate meanings other than colors．It is noted that sememe should be regarded the unit to compare color words with color-related words．Color—related words do not only refer to meanings other than colors and color words do not just indicate colors．The extraordinary collocations of color words always promote the appearance of the new meanings and general associated meanings．Social life and humans’thinking and language itself will have influence on the evolution of color terms．Some emerging meaning of the color words Call