海河两岸地面沉降综合监测方法的研究-结构工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 随着天津经济的发展，天津的建设也在如火如荼的进行，而天津海河又是改 造的重点。而我国的地面沉降现象非常普遍，尤其是天津地区十分严重，已经对 人们的生活和生产带来了极其严重的影响。为此，深入分析海河地面沉降的原理 和成因，并以此建立合理完善的控制地面沉降的防灾减灾措施已成为迫切需要解 决的问题。其中对地面沉降进行科学而及时的监测异常重要，近年来兴起的GPS 技术应用于地面沉降监测已经成为一个热点研究课题。 本文主要针对上述问题，通过对海河两岸沉降的历史及现状以及海河两岸的 地质构造进行分析，介绍了造成地面沉降的主要地质原因和人为原因。本文主要 通过今年和去年的二等水准测量和GPS(RTK)的数据进行分别对比，阐述了各 自的测量原理和误差分析及改进措施。 本文对实时动态(RTK)测量技术的精度进行了进一步的研究。通过现场测 量，对RTK测量高程精度与二等水准测量高程精度进行了对比，并且从时间和 距离两个因素对RTK测量精度的影响做了定量的分析，由此表明在一定范围内 (本次测量结果为4km)，RTK测量技术取代二等水准测量是可以实现的。 最后通过分层沉降的方法来测量海河两岸地面沉降。将分层标应用到测量地 面沉降中来。 关键词： 地面沉降监测 水准测量GPS(全球定位系统) RTK ABSTRACTAlong ABSTRACT Along with Tianjin’S economy development，Tianj in’S construction is also like a raging fire carrying on，and Haihe river is the transformation key point．But our country’S surface subsidence phenomenon extremely universal，Tianjin area extremely is particular serious，already has brought the extremely serious influence to people’S life and the production．Therefore，thoroughly analyzes the Haihe river surface subsidence the principle and the origin，and takes measures against natural disasters the disaster reduction measure by this establishment reasonable consummation control surface subsidence already the question which becomes urgently needs to solve．Carries on the science to the surface subsidence but the prompt monitor exceptionally important，in recent years emerged the GPS technology applied in the surface subsidence monitor already becomes a hot spot research topic． This article mainly aims at the above question，through carries on the analysis to the Haihe river both banks subsidence history and the present situation as well as the Haihe river both banks geologic structure，introduced creates the surface subsidence the main geological reason and the artificial reason．This article mainly through this year and last year two and SO on levelling and GPS(RTK)the data carried on contrasts The precision of RTK(Real Time Kinematic)monitoring is investigated in this dissertation．The precision of RTK and second