初中英语知识点归纳.pdf

一般现在时 的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语 : every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意 :此用法如果出现在 宾语从句 中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用 一般现在时 。 例 :Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don ’t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较 :Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用 一般现在时 ，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再 如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的 now 是进行时的标 志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时 的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有 :yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 等。 Where did you go just now? 2) 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3) 句型 : It is time for sb. to do sth 到 …… 时间了 该 …… 了 It is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该 …… 了 It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示 ’宁愿某人做某事 ’ I ’d rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比较 : 一般过去时 表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义 :她已不在人间。 ) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义 :她现在还活着 ) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义 :达比太太已不再住在 肯塔基州 。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义 :现在还住在 肯塔基州 ，有可能指刚离去 ) 注意 : 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 1)动词 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2) 情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike? 3. used to / be used to u