初中英语特殊句式归纳.pdf

特殊句式 一、概说 特殊句式包含倒装、强调句型、反意疑问句等。 二、部分倒装 即将主语与助动词倒置， 其结构与一般疑问句大致相同。 英语中构成部分倒装的 主要情形有： 1. 含否定意义的词 ( 如 never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowhere, by no means 等 ) 置于句首时，其 后用部分倒装。如： Hardly had she begun speaking when there was a knock on the door. 她刚 开始说话就听到了敲门声。 Little do we know his life. 我们对他的生活了解得很少。 By no means should you tell him about it. 你绝不要告诉他这事。 2. only 加状语（副词 / 介词短语 / 从句）放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能做好。 Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到 家里时他才知道出了什么事。 3. so (neither, nor) 表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时， 用“so (neither, nor) + 助动词 + 主语”这样的倒装句式。如： He can sing English songs and so can I. 他会唱英语歌，我也会。 He didnt see the film, and neither did I. 他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。 She is very beautiful and so was her mother when she was young. 她很漂亮，她妈妈年轻时也很漂亮。 4. 当虚拟条件句含有 were, should, had 时，可省略 if, 将 were ，should, had 置干句首。如： Were I Tom(= If I were Tom), I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我就会拒绝。 Had I realized that(= If I had realized that), I would have done something. 我要是明白了这一点，我可能会采取某种行动。 5. so... that 结构中，将 SO+ adj. (adv. ) 置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序。 如： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只 好待在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很 快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。 三、完全倒装 即将谓语移到主语前。英语中构成完全倒装的情形主要有： 1. 以 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away 等副词开头 的句子，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如： Here comes the bus. 公 共汽车来了。 Now comes your turn. 现在该你了。 Then came a new difficulty. 然后又产生了一个新的困难。 The door opened and in came Mr Li. 门开了，李先生走了进来。 注：若主语为代词，则不用完全倒装。如： The door opened and in she came. 门开了，她走了进来。 2. 将表语和地点状语 （多为介词短语）置于句首加以强调时， 其后通常用倒装 语序。如： Among them was my