几类离散系统解法初探-应用数学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要近年来，随着离散孤子在生物系统、原子链、固态物理、光子结构等 中文摘要 近年来，随着离散孤子在生物系统、原子链、固态物理、光子结构等 领域的发现，离散非线性系统引起人们的极大关注．从而，寻找非线性离 ’ 散系孳梦确解的问题越来越显得重要·另外，求解非线性发展方程复合型 的问题也受到重视，并导致Wronskian技巧的产生和进一步的发展． 本文主要包含两部分工作：求非线性差分-微分方程的精确解和求非 线性发展方程的Wronskian行列式确定的复合型解． 第一章，通过引入新的双曲函数型展开式，给出离散的mKdV lattice 方程和(2+1)维Hybrid lattice方程新的双曲函数解．第二章，将文献【18】中 的方法应用于非线性差分．微分方程，并以离散的mKdV lattice方程和(2+1) 维Hybrid lattice方程为例，得到这两个方程更多的椭圆函数解．第三章， 将推广投影Riccati方程法应用于非线性差分一微分方程，给出了离散的 (2+1)维Toda lattice方程和离散的mKdV lattice方程的双曲函数解和三角 函数解，且本文结果包含了文献}47】中的所有结果．第四章，将文献【22】中 的三个Riccati方程新展开法应用于非线性差分一微分方程，得到离散的 KdV方程和离散的mKdV lattice方程的双曲函数解和三角函数解．第五 章，推广了用Wronskain行列式法构造Korteweg-de Vries方程复合型解 的方法，并给出AKNS方程和Hirota-Statsuma方程的复合型解．该方法也 适用于构造Lax对的时间部分包含特征根A的其它非线性发展方程的精 确解，从而具有普遍性． 关键词：孤立子，非线性差分兹分方程，非线性发展方程，精确解 ABSTRACTIn ABSTRACT In recent years，discrete solitons in several fields of physics including the biological system，atomic chains，solid state physics and photonic structures are investigated．The research for seeking the exact solutions of discrete nonlinear systems has been drawn considerable attention in soliton theory．Therefore it is more important to seek the solutions of the discrete nonlinear system．Besides，the methods of constructing complexiton solutions by using Wronskian technique of nonlinear evolution equations are paid more attention and some further developments are made． The paper includes two main parts．First，it is studied on how to construct the exact solutions of nonlinear difference—differential equations．Second，it is considered how to seek the complexiton solutions with the Wronskian determinants form of nonlinear evolution equations． In chapter 1，new hyperbolic function solutions of the discrete mKdV lattice equation and(2+1)一dimensional Hybrid lattice equation are obtained by introducing new expansion formula of hyperbolic functions．In chapter 2， the method in Ref．[18】is applied to nonlinear difference—differential equations，the discrete mKdV lattice equation and the(2+1)一dimensional Hybrid latt