回收炼厂干气中高浓度C2工艺开发及经济性评价-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 中文摘要 炼厂干气主要是催化裂化、延迟焦化等过程中产生的气体，其中催化裂化的 产率最高，产量最大。干气的主要成分包括氢气、氮气、氧气、甲烷、乙烷、乙 烯等。在传统原油加工中，干气常常作为燃料并入火炬管网，造成了资源的很大 浪费。 本文首先对现有的干气回收 C2 的工艺方法进行了介绍，确立了流程模拟的 边界条件以及经济性评价方法，进而分别比较了深冷法和吸收法的年平均费用。 对于深冷分离方法，本文建立了深冷法回收炼厂干气中 C2 的流程模拟，并 对其合适的操作压力进行了分析。接着，将深冷回收干气中的 C2 与深冷分离裂 解气中 C2 进行了比较。 对于吸收分离方法，本文分析了现有吸收法分离 C2 的优势和存在的问题， 提出了一种回收高纯度 C2 的三塔流程，并分析了分别采用 C4、C5、C6 作为吸 收剂时能耗最低流程的操作参数，包括吸收温度、吸收压力、吸收剂流量、吸收 塔理论板数、解吸塔理论板数、精馏塔理论板数等；然后比较了三种吸收剂的效 果和能耗情况，发现 C5 要优于其他两种吸收剂。接下来以 C5 吸收为例，对吸 收温度、吸收压力以及吸收剂流量进行了正交分析，确定了这三个主要操作参数 对于回收率以及能耗的影响大小顺序。在优化了吸收法的操作条件后，对吸收法 和深冷法进行了经济性比较，发现吸收法的年平均费用比深冷法高约 3%。 本文还阐述了水合-吸收法耦合法回收干气中高纯度 C2 的基本概念，建立了 水合反应器的热力学平衡模型，并且用 Aspen Custom Modeler 进行了编程和验证。 结果表明水合反应器的模拟结果与文献报道值比较接近。在此基础上建立了水合 -吸收法回收干气中 C2 的基本流程。 关键词：炼厂干气；乙烯回收；流程模拟；深冷；吸收；水合物 ABSTRACT Refinery dry gases are mainly from FCC process and delayed coking process and FCC process contributes more than others. Those gases including hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene and etc. are often lined into the flare system to be burned directly which results in a waste of resources. In this paper, an introduction of the current processes for recovering C2 components from these gases was made and the process simulation boundaries and economic analysis methods were established. Then, a cryogenic process of recovering C2 from FCC off gas was established and an appropriate pressure was found. Then a comparison between recovering C2 from FCC off gas and cracking gas using cryogenic method was made. Third, a novel oil absorption method was developed to recover polymerization grade ethylene using C4, C5 and C6 as absorbents. C2 recovery ratio and process energy cost were analyzed under different process parameters including pressure, temperature, flowrate, theoretical number of stages of each columns. The result shows that C5 consumes less total annualized cost than C4 and C6. So an orthogonal analysis based on C5 absorption of temperature, pressure and absorbent flowrate was conducted to compare the cont