2018-2019年英语高中学业水平测试阅读理解：第Ⅱ题专题四词义猜测类题目.docVIP

联系地址：北京市房山区星城北里综合办公楼（学科网） 邮政编码：102413 电话：0106/7 传真：010 专题四　词义猜测类题目 [命题特点] 利用上下文判断单词、短语或句子在特定语言环境中确切含义。 常见设问方式： (1)The word “...” refers to... (2)The underlined phrase means... (3)By saying “...” we mean... (4)The expression “...” stands for... (5)．..have the closest meaning... (6)In other words... [考查重点] (1)生词的语境猜测。 (2)词组及短语的指代。 [方法技巧] (1)利用上下文、构词法，通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、反义词复述、对比进行判断； (2)利用定语从句、同位语从句等进行判断； (3)根据关联词，如but，while，however，not only...but also等进行判断； (4)利用构词法前缀、后缀、合成词进行判断。 Passage 1 I still remember—my hands and my fingers still remember—what used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. The trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again and the old leaves would be lying around like a muddy sea of leaves. “Get that all swept up！” the headmaster would tell us. “I want the whole place cleaned up, at once！” There was enough work there, to last over a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, our nails. “Now see that its done properly, and be quick about it，” the headmaster would say to the older pupils, “or youll have to answer for it！” So at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peanuts about to cut and gather in crops. If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to beat us with branches pulled from the trees. In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe(贿赂) the older boys with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meal.And if we happened to have any money on us, the coins changed hands at once. If we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were redoubled. They hit us so violently and with such evil enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being whipped not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience(服从) in which we would be