牛头刨床的毕业设计正文.doc

山东科技大学学士学位论文 PAGE 摘 要 牛头刨床是用刨刀对工件的平面、沟槽或成形表面进行刨削的直线运动机床，使刀具和工件之间产生相对的直线往复运动来达到刨削工件表面的目的。使用牛头刨床加工，机床结构和刀具较简单，但生产率较低（加工长而窄的平面除外），主要用于单件、小批量生产及机修车间，因此对牛头刨床机构的优化设计与研究具有重要的意义。 为了保证结构参数与运动参数不同的牛头刨床的运动特性，即刨刀在切削过程中接近于等速运动从而保证加工质量和延长刀具寿命，以及刀具的急回性能从而提高生产率，这样的问题如果能够通过设计一个模型平台，之后只需改变参量就可以解决预期的问题，这将大大的提高设计效率。 本文正是通过建立牛头刨床机构的数学模型，然后用MATLAB程序设计出一个人机交互的图形界面，并将数学模型参数化，只需改变牛头刨床的结构参数就可以方便的实现运动分析和运动仿真，可以形象直观地观察到牛头刨床的运动轨迹、速度变化及加速度变化规律。 关键词：牛头刨床；运动分析；MATLAB；仿真 ABSTRACT Shaper of workpiece with knives plane, groove or forming surface cutting machine tools, the linear motion of the cutting tool and workpiece to between the linear reciprocating motion relative to achieve the purpose of cutting surface of workpiece. Use shaper processing, machine structure and simplistic, but productivity tools with lower (processing long and narrow plane except), mainly used for single piece and small batch production and to tinker workshop, therefore shaper optimization design of mechanism and research has the vital significance. In order to ensure structural parameters and motion parameters of different shaper, namely the motion characteristics in cutting planer knives for machining process of constant movement which close to guarantee the machining quality and extend the life of cutter, and tool hurry back to performance so as to raise productivity, such problem if can through designing a model platform, then just change parameter can solve the anticipated problems of the, this will greatly improve the design efficiency. This paper it is through the establishment of mathematical model of shaper institutions, then use MATLAB design a man-machine interactive graphic interface, and will mathematical model parametric, just change the structure of shaper parameters can be convenient realize movement analysis and movement simulation, can image directly observed the shaper trajectory, speed change and acceleration change rule. Keywords: shaper; Motion analysis; MATLAB; simulation 目 录 第1章 绪论……………………………