旅游经济学幻灯片.pptVIP

The Economics of Travel and Tourism;教学目的;教学方法;参考书目;考核方式：;The Economics of Travel and Tourism;1. tourism;It also involves physical movement of tourists to locales other than their normal living places. Although most tourism around the world is a form of recreation, thus implying use of an individual’s discretionary time, some tourism is inevitably linked with obligations, such as business or health requirements. ;The definition;;;;2. the tourism industry;In addition, however, there are specific and supporting organizations, such as tourist information centers, souvenir manufacturers and retailers, or brochure distribution companies. ;;By their nature, the majority of organizations in travel and tourism are concerned primarily with their own individual product, and probably at best with the marketplace represented within their sector. When asked what their ‘product’ is, most hoteliers will reply ‘accommodation’, most agents ‘travel services’, and so on. ;Thus, in their view, whilst admitting to being within the travel and tourism industry, most will not claim to be supplying a product called tourism. Indeed, some businesses- such as restaurants in tourist areas- may be selling principally to tourists, so are part of the tourism industry, whereas others supplying a similar physical product, but to non-tourists- such as restaurants in city business districts- are not really part of the tourism industry.;This immediately creates a problem in any economic analysis of the field, in that the products felt to be supplied by members of the industry are not necessarily the same as those products perceived to be in demand by consumers. Tourists on the whole are likely to have a more global concept of the travel and tourism product which they are buying than are individual suppliers. ;从旅游市场角度from the view of tourism market 旅游产品是指旅游者和旅游经营者在市场上交换的、主要用于旅游活动中所消费的各种物质产品和服务的总和。 ;从旅游需求方面看from the tourism demands 旅游产品是旅游者花费一定时间、费用和精力所获得的一段旅游经历和感受。它包括从旅游者离开常住地开始到达目的