英美概况 politics 英美比较政治的异同点.ppt

The chief executive is the, who is elected to a four-year term. A president can be elected to only two terms according to an amendment passed in 1951. Qualification: a citizen born in the U.S. territory and at least 35years old; Powers of the President: issue rules, regulations and instructions; Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the U.S.; control foreign policy; veto bills passed by the Congress; checks the judicial branch. The Cabinet * a. Executive Branch---President The House of Representatives ---- 435 representatives; ---- distribute the membership according to the population of the states; ---- two-year term; ---- the Speaker of the House: the leader of the majority party; The Senate ---- 100 senators; two from each state; ---- six-year term; ---- Presiding officer of the Senate: the Vice President * b. Legislative Branch---The US Congress It is a bicameral law-making body of 535 members. Its two chambers are respectively called the House of Representatives and the Senate. The U.S. Congress is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes, declare war or put foreign treaties into effect House of Representatives (per last census) * The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court with a chief justice and eight associate justices. 11 Courts of Appeals and 91 District Courts. The federal courts have jurisdiction over case arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power, the power to interpret the Constitution, the power of determining whether congressional legislation or executive actions violate the Constitution. * c. Judicial Branch---Court * The second principle is that: the power of the government must be limited by a fundamental law, the Constitution. two limits — ①the Constitution: The federal government has no other powers except those granted in the Constitution; ②the moral limits, eg. The government is no allowed to p