上海冬春季PM25中不挥发和半挥发颗粒物的浓度特征.PDF

中国环境科学 2013,33(3) ：385~391 China Environmental Science 上海冬春季 PM2.5 中不挥发和半挥发颗粒物的浓度特征 王东方* (上海市环境监测中心,上海 200030) 摘要：微量振荡天平法广泛的应用于我国 PM2.5 的监测,该方法 50℃的采样加热温度会导致 PM2.5 中半挥发颗粒物的损失, 而仅可获得 PM2.5 中的不挥发颗粒物的质量浓度,因此,PM2.5 浓度的实际测值会偏低.微量振荡天平和膜动态测量联用技术可同时获得 PM2.5 中不挥发和 半挥发颗粒物的质量浓度,本研究利用该技术于 2011 年 12 月~2012 年 4 月在上海城郊开展了 PM2.5 中不挥发和半挥发颗粒物的连续观测, 并对其浓度特征进行了分析.结果表明:上海冬春季大气 PM 中半挥发性颗粒物占有较高比重,平均浓度比率为 18.91%;PM 中半挥发颗 2.5 2.5 粒物主要来自 NH NO ,在 NH NO 浓度较高的地区,PM 的监测应考虑半挥发颗粒物的损失;半挥发性颗粒物补偿前后的 PM 浓度间有 4 3 4 3 2.5 2.5 着较好的线性关系,在一定数据质量目标下,可由未补偿的浓度推算补偿后的 PM2.5 浓度. 关键词：PM2.5 ；不挥发和半挥发；微量振荡天平与膜动态测量系统联用方法；补偿；浓度特征 中图分类号：X831 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2013)03-0385-07 Characteristics of non-volatile and semi-volatile particulate matters in PM2.5 in Shanghai during winter and spring. * WANG Dong-fang (Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China). China Environmental Science, 2013,33(3)：385~391 Abstract ：The tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) instruments are widely used to measure the concentration of PM2.5 in China. It is found that only non-volatile particulate matters can be measured by TEOM method, while the semi-volatile particulate matters are lost by increased sampling temperature at 50 ℃. Thus, the PM2.5 concentrations are undermeasured. Currently, a new method of combining TEOM with FDMS (Filter Dynamic Measurement System) was developed and applied to measure both the non-volatile and the semi-volatile particulate matte