英国文学史及选读1_2册复习大纲.doc

Part 1 The Anglo—Saxon Period（449-1066）秧格鲁-撒克逊时期 Historical Background Celts 400B.C. Romans 50B.C. Anglo—Saxons 450A.D Norman Invasion 1066A.D. Roman empire从albion撤军，teutonic tribes(包括angles, Saxons,jutes)（条顿人or日耳曼人）陆续登陆此地 2. Literature 1,pagan异教徒文学 2 christian基督徒文学 alliterative verse头韵诗 Epic: Beowulf贝奥武甫（Denmark背景）（the hall heorot鹿庁，grendel:a monster half-human） 1) Oral origin, recited in court, handed down in generations until finally it was recorded by certain poet.上下部分由pagan写，插入由christian写 2) a mixture of history and legend.，england’s national epic民国史诗 Part II The Anglo-Norman Period(1066-1350)秧格鲁-诺曼时期 Historical Background Roman conquest,接着是english conquest，最后是norman conquest。 The Norman Conquest in 1066 Duke William of Normandy claimed himself William I, King of England.（the battle of hastings希斯廷战役） Kings—Barons男爵—Knights, a feudal system of hierarchy统治集团 was formed The language Upper classes: French, Latin The common people: Old English Three languages co-existed in England. French became the official language used by the king and the Norman lords; Latin became the principal tongue of church affairs and in universities; and Old English was spoken only by the common English people. 3.The literature Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages. It is about the life and adventures undertaken by a knight. It reflected the spirit of chivalry骑士制度. The content of romance: love, chivalry and religion. It involves fighting, adventures. Subject matter: Geoffrey’s History杰弗里《史记》，riming chronicles押韵编年史，metricalverse格律诗体，doggerel verse打油诗体 the Matter of France eg. Charlemagne and his peers查理曼大帝和他的骑士 Matter of Greece and Rome eg Akexabder亚历山大大帝 Matter of Britain tales having for their heroes Arthur and his knights of the Round Table main literature Sir Gawain and the green knight.高文爵士和绿衣骑士（arthur，gawain,green knight, morgain the fay-woman妖精摩根, the green girdle绿腰带） Part III Geoffrey Chaucer (1340—1400)杰弗里.乔叟时期 Hi