呼吸系统疾病及其它细菌性疾病.ppt

Respiratory Disease – Swine Influenza Virus 呼吸系统疾病——猪流感病毒 Bob Morrison DVM, MBA, PhD Marie Gramer, DVM Kurt Rossow DVM, PhD Etiology 病原学 SIV used to be straightforward 猪流感过去被认为并不重要 SIV diagnostics and disease control has become more challenging after the introduction of new types 在新类型病毒被报道后，猪流感的诊断和控制变得更富挑战性。 Type A Influenza virus belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family. A型流感病毒属于整粘病毒科 Enveloped, RNA virus 有囊膜、RNA病毒 Lipid envelope 脂质囊膜 Helical nucleocapsid. 螺旋状的病毒粒子 Swine Influenza Virus Structure猪流感病毒结构 2 structural proteins present on the virus.病毒表面存在的两种结构蛋白 Hemagglutinin (13 types) 血凝素（13种类型） responsible for the attachment of the virus to the host-cell and for fusion of the viral envelope to the host-cell membrane 负责病毒附着到宿主细胞和让病毒囊膜与宿主细胞膜融合 Antibodies to the hemagglutinin are responsible for preventing infection with an influenza virus containing the same hemagglutinin protein. 血凝素的抗体可以起到阻止包含有相同血凝素蛋白的流感病毒感染的作用。 Neuraminidase protein (9 types) 神经氨酸酶（9种类型） responsible for elution of virus from erythrocytes. It may play a role in the release of virus from infected cells. 负责病毒从红细胞上脱离。它可能在病毒从感染细胞上释放过程中起重要作用 antibodies against the neuraminidase restrict the spread of virus from infected cells. 神经氨酸酶的抗体限制了病毒由感染细胞的扩散。 These 2 surface glycoproteins are the basis for naming subtypes这两种表面糖蛋白是命名亚型的基础 Four main subtypes in swine 感染猪的四个主要亚型 Most common in US 在美国最常见的 H1N1, H3N2 Also 以及 H1N2, H1N7 Viral Change/Evolution 病毒的改变/进化H1N1 and H3N2 Emerged in 2000 出现于2000年 7 genes from the H3N2 viruses 7个基因来自H3N2病毒 Pathogenesis 发病机理 The virus is inhaled and deposited on the surface of the lower respiratory tract. 病毒被吸入并沉积于下呼吸道表面。 Incubation period from 1 - 3 days. 潜伏期从1-3天不等。 Widespread interstitial pneumonia for up to 21 days after infection and hemorrhagic lymph nodes may be seen. 弥漫性间质性肺炎在感染后21天出现，也可能出现出血性淋巴结。 Uncomplicated infections have changes in the cranial ventral lung lobes. The