中国养蜂业现代化发展的路径探析-中国生态农业学报.PDF

2011 7 19 4 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, Jul. 2011, 19(4): 961−965 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2011.00961 * ** 柳 萌 王 勇 罗术东 ( 100093) 养蜂业是我国传统农业, 也是现代农业的重要组成部分。蜜蜂为农作物提供授粉支持并附加产出蜂 产品, 其在现代农业中的地位逐渐受到重视。养蜂业的稳定发展对促进农民增收、提高农作物产量和维护生 态平衡作出了突出贡献。但我国蜂业生产及科技水平与发达国家相比仍有一定差距。本文从蜜蜂授粉对农作 物生产和蜜蜂在农业生态环境监测和保护中的作用方面分析了养蜂业与现代农业发展的关系, 同时分析总结 我国目前蜂业存在的问题, 包括重产品、轻授粉, 重原料和半成品生产、轻深加工开发, 重转地饲养、轻定地 饲养, 重单一饲养、轻立体种养, 科技方面重实际应用、轻基础研究。在此基础上提出了我国养蜂业发展的措 施, 如建立规模化昆虫授粉产业, 建立蜂业循环经济发展模式, 确立定地辅以转地养蜂方式, 进行蜂产品的深 度开发和加强蜂业理论的研究等。 养蜂业 现代农业 授粉 蜂业循环经济模式 养蜂模式 蜂产品 : S89 : A : 1671-3990(2011)04-0961-05 Development of apiculture modernization in China LIU Meng, WANG Yong, LUO Shu-Dong (Bee Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China) Abstract Apiculture is a form of traditional agriculture that is critical for modern agricultural development in China. Generally, bees are pollinators of crops and producers of honey. Bees assume an increasing importance in modern agriculture. This is because apiculture focuses not only on increasing crop yields and farmers income, but also ensures ecological balance. However, beekeeping technology in China still lags behind that in developed countries. This paper analyzed the relationship between apiculture and modern agriculture. It illustrated that bee pollination increased yield and quality of crops. Bees were also an important monitors and protectors of food-chain and agro-environment. The paper also highlighted the obstacles in apicultural development in China. China’s apiculture had mainly focused on bee production,