先天及脑外伤.pptVIP

;Congenital malformation 先天发育畸形 corpus callosum 胼胝体 Dysplasia 发育不良 congenital hydrocephalus【积水】 Arachnoid cyst 蛛网膜 囊肿 heterotopic grey matter 灰质异位 Tuberous sclerosis 结节硬化 Craniostenosis—small skull Hypoplasia of septum pellucidum 透明隔发育不全 ;foramen magnum 枕骨大孔 cervical spinal canal. 颈部椎管 Displacement of the brain stem 脑干移位 cerebellar tonsils 小脑扁桃体 herniation（疝） Intracranial hematoma 脑内血肿 Epidural hematoma 硬膜外 Subdural hematoma 硬膜下; Biconvex 双凸 lentiform 豆状 Crescentic 新月形 encephalocele 脑彭出 myelomeningoceles 脊髓脊膜脱出 【 maineumi’ningoucie】 Aneurysm 动脉瘤 Contusion of brain（挫伤） Laceration of brain（裂伤） Diffuse injury of brain（弥漫伤） ;Sequela 后遗症 Encephalomalacia 脑软化 Brain atrophy 脑萎缩 Hydrocephalus 脑积水 Subdural fluid accumulation 硬膜下积液;CONGENITAL MALFORMATION;Including: Dysplasia of corpus callosum Small skull-狭颅症　craniostenosis congenital hydrocephalus【积水】 Arachnoid cyst 珠网膜囊肿 cerebral heterotopic gray matter【异位】 Tuberous sclerosis 结节硬化 Hypoplasia of septum pellucidum Chiari malformation So on….. ;Chiari I malformation caudal displacement of cerebellar tonsils, sometimes the inferior vermis(引部） through the foramen magnum into cervical spinal canal.;Chiari II Displacement of the brain stem and lower cerebellum into the cervical spinal canal. The forth ventricle is usually caudally displaced and extends below the foramen magnum. Associated with lumbar myelomeningoceles 脊髓脊膜脱出 [maineumi’ningoucie] ;Chiari III Downward displacement of medulla with herniation（疝） of cerebellum through foramen magnum. 枕骨大孔 Resulting in a cervical encephalocele 脑彭出 ;Chiari IV severe cerebellar hypoplasia without displacement of brain through the foramen. ;;Trauma of brain and skull;Intracranial hematoma;1. Epidural Haematoma ;;;2. Subdural Haematoma ;;;;Contusion and laceration of brain Contusion of brain（挫伤） Laceration of brain（裂伤） Diffuse