主動濾波器介紹.pptVIP

主動濾波器介紹 學生:楊淞淵 M9520112 指導教授:梁治國 教授 濾波器簡介 擷取感測元件輸出之類比訊號時，常需使用「濾波器(filter)」以擷取某特定頻率範圍之訊號，除去不必要之雜訊。 濾波器可分為被動(passive)和主動(active)兩種。 被動式濾波器包含有電阻、電感、電容等電子元件，功能僅在過濾雜訊 主動式濾波器除電阻、電感、電容外，還包含有電晶體或運算放大器，可放大濾波後之訊號（即具有增益），且由於使用獨立電源，信號源與負載電路隔離性較佳 濾波器的基本分類 「低通濾波器(Low pass filter)」 「高通濾波器(High pass filter)」 「帶通濾波器(Band pass filter)」 「帶拒濾波器(Band reject filter)」 Low pass filter 低通濾波器的功能是使低頻訊號通過，高頻訊號衰減，適用於高頻雜訊之過濾。 Numerical analysis (1/2) ※ Cutoff ferquency ※ Q ※ Input impedance Numerical analysis (2/2) ZIN (min) = R1 = 27 k Practical Design Techniques (1/3) ※ Cutoff ferquency = 1.5 kHz ※ Q =0.707 ※ Input impedance 10 kΩ Practical Design Techniques (2/3) Let us choose C1 =3300 pF ， C2 =6800 pF Practical Design Techniques (3/3) High pass filter 高通濾波器是指高於截止頻率之訊號通過，低於截止頻率之訊號衰減的電路。 Numerical analysis (1/2) ※ Cutoff ferquency ※ Q ※ Input impedance Numerical analysis (2/2) ZIN (min) = R1 = 47 k Practical Design Techniques (1/3) Practical Design Techniques (2/3) Let us choose R1 20 k Ω ， R2 =10 kΩ Practical Design Techniques (3/3) Band pass filter 帶通濾波器之用途是只使特定頻帶之訊號通過的電路。 Numerical analysis (1/3) ※ Resonant ferquency ※ Q ※ Bandwidth ※ Voltage gain Numerical analysis (2/3) Numerical analysis (3/3) Practical Design Techniques (1/3) Practical Design Techniques (2/3) Practical Design Techniques (3/3) Band reject filter 帶拒濾波器（又稱陷波、凹形）是用來衰減一個特別頻率的訊號的電路。 Numerical analysis (1/2) The component values for the twin-T circuit normally have the following ratios: (1) R1=R2 (2) R1=2R3 (3) C1=C2 (4) C3=2C1 (5) 0≦ R4 (R1+R2) Numerical analysis (2/2) ※ Center ferquency ※ Input impedance Practical Design Techniques (1/4) Practical Design Techniques (2/4) Let us choose R3 22 k Ω Practical Design Techniques (3/4) Practical Design Techniques (4/4) Thank you for your attention * * Low pass filter Cutoff Frequency Filter Q Input Impedance Low pass filter Low pass filter Compute the Ratio of C2/C1 Compute R1 and R2 Low pass filter Comp