英语国家概况Chapter 1.pptVIP

A Survey of MajorEnglish-Speaking Countries主要英语国家概况余盛明 Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter OneLand and People How do you understand the name? The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) The Great Britain / Britain (England, Scotland, Wales) England British Isles Britain Great Britain National Flag: Union Jack “Union of Nations” Red-on-white cross: England (St George) Red-on-white Saltire: Northern Ireland (St Patrick) White-on-blue saltire: Scotland (St Andrew) Capital: LondonNational Anthem:“God Save the Queen” Land Areas Total territory: 244,110 km2, a bit larger than Hunan province, half of Sichuan. British Isles made up of two islands: a. Great Britain: 223,000 km2 (90%), with England 130,000 km2 (53% of the total) b. Northern Ireland (10%) It is an insular country. Its coastline runs 12,429 km, one of the longest. It Is over 1,000 km from south to north and about 500 km from west to east. Position Britain is situated in Western Europe and is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. Position: 500—600 north latitude, 20 east longitude—100 west longitude meridian line running through London The Straits of Dover between France and England is only 34 km wide. The Channel Tunnel was built under the Straits of Dover in 1985 to join England and France, and was opened to traffic in May 1994. Britain faces Scandinavia Peninsular (Norway, Sweden and Denmark) to the northeast and to the North lies Iceland To the south across the English Channel lies France and Belgium and to the east across North Sea lie Germany and Holland. To the west of it lies the Atlantic Ocean, further beyond is America. Topography Geographically, Britain is divided into Highland Zone in the north and Lowland Zone in the south. Most important mountain range: The Pennies, known