Thai Intonation in Four Emotions课件.ppt

Ververidis, Kotropoulos and Pitas (2004) in their studies of automatic classification of emotional speech in Danish five emotional states; anger, happiness, neutral, sadness, and surprise, reported accuracy rates of classification between 20-52%. Implications 精品文档 The set of features used for speech generations in Ververidis, Kotropoulos and Pitas (2004) were mainly abstracted from the pitch and energy contours of natural speech. 精品文档 Test tokens: 4 one-word and 3 multiple- word utterances all said in neutral and in four emotions, five times each, a total of 350 (7x5x5x2) utterances were investigated. 精品文档 The acoustic measurments and calculations made for each type of utterance in each type of emotion: - average Fo (Hertz), - Fo range (semitone), - maximum, minimum amplitude (dB), - average amplitude (dB), - utterance duration (second), - speaking rate (utterance/second) 精品文档 Figure 1: Stylized Fundamental Frequency (in Hertz) and neutralized duration (in Percentage) for one-word utterances (a proper noun CVVN). 精品文档 Figure 2: Stylized Fundamental Frequency (in Hertz) and neutralized duration (in Percentage) for one-word utterances (a proper noun CVVN). 精品文档 Figure 3: Stylized Fundamental Frequency (in Hertz) and neutralized duration (in Percentage) for three-word utterances “????????”. 精品文档 Figure 4: Stylized Fundamental Frequency (in Hertz) and neutralized duration (in Percentage) for three-word utterances “????????”. 精品文档 Results: Average Utterance Duration Duration Neutral Anger Surprise Happiness Sadness Average 0.59 0.52 0.49 0.73 0.61 S.D. 0.36 (n =70) 0.35 (n = 70) 0.32 (n =70) 0.35 (n=70) 0.42 (n=70) Table 1: Average utterance duration (in second) for all types of utterances combined in neutral speech and in each emotional type; anger, surprise, happiness, and sadness. (male and female combined) 精品文档 Neutral Anger Surprise Happiness Sadness 0.59 0.52 0.49 0.73 0.61 Figure 5:: Aver