生物化学信 号教材编辑.pptVIP

Section 11.4The Chemistry of Communication(pages 362 – 364);;;A pheromone is a chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species.;Most pheromones are very specific in their effects. Pheromones released by a member of a particular species generally will only cause a response in animals of the same species.The pheromones released by a luna moth will trigger a response in a gypsy moth.;Pheromones enable many animals to recognize group members. For example, every ant colony has its own pheromones that identify colony members. If an ant wanders into a colony other than its own, the ant’s pheromones will be recognized as foreign by the members of the colony. Then, the intruder will be attacked and killed. ;;;;;Some pheromones can be made in laboratories and then used to attract and eliminate pest insects.For example, manufactured pheromones can be used to lure insects into traps.;Bioluminescence is another form of chemical communication used by animals. Bioluminescence is the production of light by a living organism. The light is generated by chemical reactions that take place in the organism’s cells.;The anglerfish is unusual among bioluminescent creatures in that it does not make its own light chemically; rather, it hosts colonies of symbiotic, light-producing bacteria in its lure. ;A paper published in Science this August made waves when it announced the discovery of five previously unknown species of sea worm that launch liquid-filled, bioluminescent capsules that burst into green light for several seconds. Scientists think these bombs distract piscine predators; they have seen similar countermeasures deployed by both squid and brittle stars.;Dinoflagellates;Comb Jelly;Mushrooms;Before a short adult life as a gnat, larvae in the genus Arachnocampa spend months as carnivorous glowworms in caves or sheltered areas using light as a lure. In the top image, a hungry N