老年高血压病（双语）演示文稿.pptVIP

The high prevalence of hypertention in our elderly population makes it a disease of major importance. Through our vast facities for delivery of quality medicine care, we can make an important contribution to the prevention of the major complication of hypertention in our country. In 5 to 10 percent of cases, hypertention is the result of some organic malfunction, usually in the kidneys or the adrenal glands. This is called secondary hypertention, and can often be cured by surgery. The remainder are idiopathic, called essential hypertention. Though the mechanism is not understood, many risk factors have been associated with this type of HBP: Inherited susceptibility. Overweight. Stress. High salt intake. Smoking. Insulin resistance. The characteristic lesions of hypertention are found in the arterioles, and type of lesion varies with the severity of the hypertention. When the diastolic blood pressure is persistently elevated at levels of 130 to 150 mm-hg, or higher, fibrinoid necrosis of the media of arterioles is seen in the kidney, spleen, pancreas, and brain, including the retinal vessel. Fibrinoid necrosis may be caused by prolonged vasospasm. While fibrinoid necrosis of the arterioles represents a reaction to severely elevated blood pressure, the response to a moderate but long sustained increase in blood pressure, the response to a moderate but long sustained increase in blood pressure (diastolic 95 to 130) is hyalinosis and hyperplasia of the media of small arteries and arterioles, and even of some medium sized arteries, such as the arcuate of the kidney. The media of the vessels become greatly thickened (hypertrophy) by hyperplasia of the smooth muscle. An increase in hyaline also can be det