高考英语定语从句用法及其功能.pptxVIP

定语从句定义及其作用：定语从句是中学阶段英语语法中十分重要的一个语法项目，它在句子中出现的频率很高。对正确理解句子的意义起着举足轻重的作用。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。先行词的作用被定语从句所修饰的名词或 代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。 理解和牢记这两条概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分使用that的情况：1、当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?2、当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 eg. I have some books that are very good.3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4、当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.5、当先行词又有人又有物时。eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.只能使用which的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.2、在介词之后。eg. This is a house in which lives an old man.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.Consolidation exercises.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.1. This is the only book ____ I got last year.2. Is this the book in ____ you are interested?3. This is the largest animal ____ Tom saw in the zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers____ exist (存在)in the mother school.5. All the desks ____ are bought look really wonderful.6. Do you have any money ____is used to build the factory?7. Tom has a toy, ____ was given by his father.8. This is the second watch ____ my father bought for me. thatwhichthatthatthatthatwhichthat修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there?在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting.There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys.关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful.Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns out white and black.Correct mistakes for the following s