医学英语疾病介绍——Breast-Cancer(乳腺癌).pptVIP

Breast Cancer Today 概述 Causes And Risk Factors 病因学 Breast Anatomy 解剖学结构 Pathological Changes 病理改变 Metastasis 转移 Symptoms 症状 Signs And Tests 诊断 Staging 分期 Treatment 治疗 Expectations 预后 Prevention 预防 Summary 综述 Breast cancer today is not what it was 20 years ago. Survival rates are climbing, thanks to greater awareness, more early detection, and advances in treatment. (归功于更多的关注，更早的监测和更先进的治疗技术) For roughly 200,000 Americans who are diagnosed with breast cancer each year(每年约有二十万美国人被诊断为乳腺癌), there are plenty of reasons to be hopeful. In America, About 1 out of 8 women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year.(在美国，一年统计数据表明，大约每八个女性中有一个会罹患乳腺癌) The incidence of breast cancer from age 40 to 60 years generally, But chinese patients with early age of onset, The 45-year-old is the maximum age of sickness.(乳腺癌的好发年龄为40~60岁，但我国患者发病年龄提前，45岁为发病最高峰) Hormonal influence(激素影响): Long duration of reproductive([?ripr??d?kt?v]) life(育龄的长时间持续) Nulliparity([,n?li‘p?r?ti]未产妇) Late age at first child(老龄生育) Functioning ovarian([???ve?ri:?n]) tumor(卵巢肿瘤影响) Fibrocystic([,fa?bro‘s?st?k]) disease(乳腺纤维囊性病) Radiation exposure(射线照射) Obesity(肥胖) Genetic predisposition([pri?d?sp?‘z??n])(遗传倾向) Virus(病毒) The most obvious risk factor for breast cancer is being a woman. Men get the disease, too, but it is about 100 times more common in women. Other top risk factors include being over age 55 or having a close relative(有亲缘关系) who has had the disease. But keep in mind that up to 80% of women with breast cancer have no family history of the illness (80%的乳腺癌患者 并无家族病史). The genes most commonly involved in breast cancer are known as BRCA1 and BRCA2. Women with mutations(突变) in these genes have up to an 80 percent chance of get