缓释肥料对免耕直播水稻的影响-种植专业论文.docxVIP

缓释肥料对免耕直播水稻的影响摘要在免耕直播条件下，水稻施肥明显不同于翻耕移栽，肥料撒施在土 壤表层，流失、挥发严重，利用率低，而采用少量多次施肥，又消耗人 力。本研究通过对不同肥料种类和缓释肥不同用量的比较研究，以探讨 免耕直播水稻的肥料应用效果和施肥方法。主要研究结果如下：(1)水稻在免耕直播栽培条件下一次性使用缓释肥料与习惯的结构施 肥法一样能达到高产稳产的目的，却可以比习惯施肥减少施肥2—3次， 节约人工卜2个，可以简化施肥操作。(2)缓释肥料能够有效抑制其养分的释放速度。在面施条件下可以减 少化肥流失、使用缓释肥料比普通复混肥料能提高土壤中有效态氮 1 6—45mg／kg。(3)使用缓释肥料可以减少水稻无效分蘖。在免耕直播条件下，使用缓释肥料处理的水稻最高茎蘖数略低，但最终有效分蘖数相同。(4)对水稻品种两优培九三和两优培九，缓释肥料推荐用量分别为60Kg／667 m2和50Kg／667m2。关键词：缓释肥料；水稻；免耕；直播Effects of Slowly-released Fertilizer on N0n-铷age Direct—seeding硒ceAbstractUnder the condition of non—tillage direct—seeding cultivation， the fertilizing on me so订surface resulted in fenilizer lose and V01atilize quic融y． Therefore，the fenilizer use e髓ciency is lo WBut the fertilizing by splitting with a smaH amount needs more Iabors． This research was conducted to study the emciency of slowly -released fertilizer on non—tillagedirect_Seedingpaddy ricet11roughthecomparisonresearchof di船rentfertilizer types a11d dif话rem application ratesof coated compound fertilizer．The main results were summa“zed as fbllows：1．Under the non-tillage direct seeding condition，the similar grain yield was harvested between t11e coat comDound fertilizer treatnlent and traditional fertilizer one．But using coated compound fenilizer saved labors by 1—2 workdays／667m2 and 2—3 times／667m2 of me fertilizing compared with thecontr01．2． Slowly．release—fertilizer can meet me needs of the paddy rice’s growth，reduce inefrectiVe tillering and increase total grains and矗Ued grains per panicle．The alkali hydrolysable N coment in the soil by using t11e coat compound fertilizer increased l 6—45mg瓜g oVer t11e contr01．3．Using coated compound f色nilizer reduced ine矗1ective tillers compared with the con廿01．Under the non．tillage direct seeding condition，the treatment had less tiller number tllan the control but had the similar ear．bearingpanicles．4．The recommended fertilizing rate of coated compound fertilizer was60kg／667m2for“angpe硼iusall and 50k∥667m2 for Liangyoupeijiu．Key words：low-rele