鸡源大肠杆菌的耐药性监测与研究-预防兽医学专业论文.docxVIP

p々}I p々} I i毛688{ 中文摘要 对分离自病死鸡和鸡胚的180株大肠杆菌进行了血清型鉴定，共鉴定出O血清型40种， 以076、093、01m、016l、09和09l等6个血清型为主，占定型菌株的55．6％。其中血清型为076 的菌株占定型菌株的23．9％，为优势血清型。 分别用两种方法对上述180株大肠杆菌分离株进行了耐药性监测：采用纸片扩散法药敏试验 对lo种抗菌药物(氯霉素、四环素、阿莫西林，克拉维酸、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、头孢噻吩、复 方新诺明、环丙沙星、左氟沙星和萘啶酸)进行了耐药性监测，结果表明分离菌株呈现出不同程 度的耐药性，其中对萘啶酸的耐药率最高(93_3％)，其次是四环素(88_3％)，共有71种耐药谱 型，大多数为多重联合耐药：采用微量稀释法药敏试验对20种抗菌药物(头孢曲松、头孢氨噻 肟、头孢噻呋、头孢噻吩、头孢力新、氯霉素、氟苯尼考、链霉素、卡那霉素、阿米卡星、庆大 霉索、四环素、氨苄青霉索、阿莫西林、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星、左氟沙星、奥比沙星 和萘啶酸)进行了耐药性监测．除头孢曲松、头孢氨噻肟、头孢噻呋和阿米卡星外，分离株对其 余抗菌药物均呈现出不同程度的耐药性，对萘啶酸的耐药率最高(93．3％)，其次是四环索(88．9 ％)。共有72种耐药谱型．大多数为多重联合耐药。 对180株大肠杆菌编码DNA旋转酶(DNA Gyrase)A亚基的母怆基因的喹诺酮耐药决 定区(QRDR)进行了PCR扩增和序列测定，对推导的氨基酸序列进行变异分析，结果表明：168 株耐喹诺酮类药物菌株的第83位氮基酸由丝氨酸(S)变异为亮氪酸(L)；107株同时对4种以 上喹诺酮类药物有耐药性的分离菌株在87位氨基酸也发生了不同的变异。以上变异与鸡源大肠 杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药程度密切相关，其中83位氨基酸的变异是大肠杆菌呈现对喹诺酮类 药物耐药的关键。 关键词：鸡源大肠杆菌，血清型，耐药性监测， 耐药基因， 变异分析 AbstractOne Abstract One hundred and eighty strains of Escherichia coli from chickens were isolated from dead chicken embryoes and the liver of dead chicken．The serotype of all the isolates WaS idendfled．Fourty types ofSerum O were found out，among which 076，093，On5，0161， 09 and 091 were main serotype with a 55．6％of ail the isolates．The dominant serotype of these isolates was 076 with a 23．9％ofail the isolates． Surveillance on the antibiotic resistance of 1 80 strains Escherichia coli from chicken was conducted by two methods．Antibiotic resistance of 1 80 strains to ten antimicrobial drugs(Tetracycline，Amoxicillin／Clavulanic acid，Gentamicin，Kanamycin，Cefalothin， Sulfarmethoxazole／Trimethoprim，Chloramphenicol，Ciprofloxacin，Levofloxacin and Nalidixie acid)Was detected and amayzed bv disk diflusion susceptibility test．The results indieated that the isolates showed a greater or lesscr degree resistance to ten antimicmbial drugs and 71 kinds of resistance patterns could be distingulshed．Most isolates showed resistance to multiple antibiotics and displayed a hi曲est level resistance to nalidixic acid 、vith a frequency of 93．3％．followed by tetracycline with