股权结构、股权激励对上市公司内部控制有效性影响研究——基于上市乳制品企业的案例分析+郭颖.docxVIP

股权结构、股权激励对上市公司内部控制有效性影响研究 ——基于上市乳制品企业的案例分析 郭颖 （上海立信会计学院 审计硕士教育中心 上海 201600） 摘要：企业内部控制的不断完善与公司治理水平的提升是密切相关的。股权结构会对内部控制是否能够合理制定以及有效执行产生一定的影响。上市公司的高管既是公司治理的直接执行者，又是内部控制制度的制定者，他们在企业内部控制开展中扮演了重要的角色。对其合理的激励手段能够解决股东与高管层之间委托代理问题，在一定程度上也可以提升内部控制质量，因此，股权结构、高管股权激励与内部控制有效性密切相关。本文对目前内地上市的两家规模最大的乳制品企业——伊利股份、光明乳业进行案例分析，在实际控股人均为国有性质，从股权集中度及高管股权激励计划实施两个方面，对内部控制有效性影响进行了分析，初步得出结论：乳制品企业中，股权集中度较低的企业，其内部控制总体上较好；股权集中度较高时，其内部控制有效性要弱于股权较为分散的企业；在乳制品行业，高管股权激励计划宣布后，短期内内控指数呈现下降的态势，但最终又会上升，起到了完善以及建设的作用；并且股权较为分散的企业此作用更为明显。 关键字： 股权集中度；股权激励；内部控制有效性; Study on the Relationship of Ownership Structure, Equity incentive and the Effectiveness of Internal Control ——Cases On Public Companies Of Dairy Enterprises Abstract: The improvement of the internal control can affect corporate governance level. Equity Structure can produce certain effect on rational formulation and effective implementation of internal control. The executives is not only the direct executor of corporate governance, but an internal control system. They plays an important role in internal control .For its reasonable incentives to solve the principal-agent problem between shareholders and senior management, to a certain extent, can also improving the quality of internal control. As a result, shares structure, executive equity incentive is closely related to the internal control effectiveness. Listed in this paper, the mainlands two largest dairy companies - yili shares, bright shanghai case analysis, in the actual per capita holdings as state-owned property, executives from the ownership concentration and equity incentive plan two aspects, the impact on the effectiveness of internal control are analyzed, a preliminary conclusion: dairy products enterprise, the equity concentration lower enterprise, its internal control on the whole, the better; Ownership concentration is high, its internal control effectiveness to weaker than equity more decentralized enterprise; In the bright industry, executives equity i