医学影像诊断学骨骼肌肉系统疾病比较影像图谱(系列之三).ppt

Bilingual 医学影像诊断学骨骼肌肉系统疾病比较影像图谱系列之一 　 江苏大学医学技术学院影像系 彭卫斌　梁长生 2003年7月 第一节　骨与关节创伤 一，骨折 （一）骨折总论 图1　骨痂形成示意图 图2　骨折类型示意图 图3　骨折移位示意图 图4　骨骺损伤的Salte-Harris分型 图5A　肱骨外科颈骨折 肱骨上段见骨折线，肱骨头下倾，远端向上移，外侧见碎骨片 X线诊断：肱骨外外科颈骨折，内收型 图6A1　肱骨髁上骨折 A large elbow effusion is identified by anterior and posterior fat pad elevation (arrows).This is caused by a supracondylar fracture, with mild dorsal displacement of the distal fragment. Unlike this case, the fracture line is frequently invisible on initial radiographs. 图6A2　桡骨头骨折 Anterior and posterior fat pad elevation (arrows) signifies effusion of the ellow joint. The fracture of the radial head is only identified by a minimal “step-off” of the volar cortex. 图7A1　Colles’ fracture X线表现 桡骨远端见骨折线，骨折远端向外后方移位。桡骨下关节面倾斜，尺骨向上移，尺骨茎突见小骨片； X线诊断 桡骨远端伸直型骨折(Colles 骨折) 图7A2　Colles’ fracture Lateral radiograph demonstrates a fracture of the distal radius with dorsal angulation and displacement of the distal fracture fragment. 图8A　蒙泰贾骨折 (Monteggia fracture) Monteggia fracture-dislocation Lateral radiograph of the forearm demonstrates fracture of the ulnar shaft with anterior dislocation of the radius. 图9A　加莱阿齐骨折　（Galeazzi’s fracture )　 Galeazzi’s fracture-dislocation AP radiograph of the forearm demonstrates a fracture of the radial shaft and dislocation of the inferior radioulnar joint. 图10A1　指掌骨骨折 boxer’s fracture AP(a) and oblique (b) radiographs of the hand demonstrate a fracture through the fifth metacarpal shaft with volar and radial angulation of the distal fracture fragment. 图10A2　指掌骨骨折 boxer’s fracture AP(a) and oblique (b) radiographs of the hand demonstrate a fracture through the fifth metacarpal shaft with volar and radial angulation of the distal fracture fragment. 图11A1　股骨颈骨折 a. AP radiograph of the hip demonstrates a fracture through the femoral neck. 图11A2　股骨颈骨折 b. AP radiograph after fixation of the femoral neck fracture with three cannulated screws. 图12A　胫骨粉碎性骨折 Comminuted fracture of the