能量优先的无线传感器网络路由协议分析.pdfVIP

摘要 近年来，无线传感器网络由于其广泛的应用前景引起了人们的关注。路由协议作为其关 键技术之一，也是研究的热点。由于传感器节点资源有限，特别是能量受限，使得网络生命 周期成为无线传感器网络应用的一个瓶颈。如何有效的降低网络能耗和延长网络生命周期就 成了路由协议研究的主要问题。 本文以低能耗、负载均衡为首要目标，设计无线传感器网络的路由协议。研究表明，网 络节点的有效分簇可以明显节约节点能量，延长网络工作时间。因此，本文重点分析经典分 簇路由算法HEED 协议，针对其成簇过程的独立节点、簇结构和簇间路由这三方面导致的能 量过度消耗的问题，分别提出了改进的思路，设计了一种基于 HEED 协议的能耗均衡路由 协议。通过实验仿真证明与改进之前的协议相比，确实可以降低能耗。 最后，本文设计了一套基于改进HEED 协议的能耗分析演示系统，检验协议在实际应用 中的能耗性能。描述了系统的模型结构，详细介绍了系统的软件和硬件设计的方案和操作流 程。在接下来的工作中，需要解决网络数据传输不稳定导致的数据不全的问题。同时实现多 种路由协议对系统的测试。 关键词: 无线传感器网络，路由协议，HEED，节能 I 万方数据 Abstract In recent years, wireless sensor networks because of its wide range of applications attracted attention. Routing protocol as one of its key technologies, become a hotspot of research. Due to the limited resources of sensor nodes, especially energy-constrained, the network life cycle becomes a bottleneck for wireless sensor network applications. How to effectively reduce network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime has become a major problem routing protocol research. In this paper, low power consumption and load balancing become the primary objective while designing wireless sensor network routing protocols. Research shows that effective network node cluster nodes can significantly save energy and prolong the network time. Therefore, this paper focuses on classical clustering routing algorithm HEED protocol. Its independence node clusters existing in the process, cluster and inter-cluster routing structure could lead to excessive consumption of energy, these three areas are proposed to improve the idea, designed the energy balance routing