Cooperative Language Learning合作学习语言法.pptVIP

Cooperative Language Learning Zhang Kun Background Cooperative Language Learning(CLL) is part of a more general instructional approach also known as Collaborative Learning(CL). Cooperative Learning is an approach to teaching that makes maximum use of cooperative activities involving pairs and small groups of learners in the classroom. Traditional models of classroom learning are teacher-fronted, foster competition rather than cooperation, and favor majority students. CLL has been embraced as a way of promoting communicative interaction in the classroom and is seen as an extension of the principles of Communicative Language Teaching. It is learner-centered. Approach Theory of language Cooperative Language Learning is founded on 5 basic premises about the interactive nature of language. Premise 1 is that we are born to talk and communication is considered as the primary purpose of language. Premise 2 is that most talk is organized as conversation. Premise 3 is that conversation operates according to a certain agreed-upon set of cooperative rules or “maxims”(Grice’s Cooperative Principle). Premise 4 is that one learns how these cooperative maxims are realized in one’s native language through casual, everyday conversational interaction. Premise 5 is that one learns how the maxims are realized in a second language through participation in cooperatively structured interactional activities. Theory of learning Cooperative learning advocates draw on the theoretical work of developmental psychologists Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, both of whom stress the central role of social interaction in learning. As we have indicated, a central premise of CLL is that learners develop communicative competence in a language by conversing in socially or pedagogically structured situations. CLL seeks to develop classrooms that foster cooperation rather than competition in learning. Within cooperative situations, individuals seek outcomes beneficial to themselves and all other g