Comparison of Traditional File-Based Approach and Database 基于数据库的方法和传统的文件比较.docVIP

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Comparison of Traditional File-Based Approach and Database 基于数据库的方法和传统的文件比较.doc

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PAGE 4 PAGE 10 Database: A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. Database Management System (DBMS): DataBase Management System (DBMS) is a software package that allows data to be effectively stored, retrieved and manipulated and the data stored in a DBMS packege can be accessed by multiple users and by multiple application programs like (SQL Server, Oracle, Ms-Access) . Comparison of Traditional File-Based Approach and Database Approach At the beginning, you should understand the rationale of replacing the traditional file-based system with the database system. File-based System File-based systems were an early attempt to computerize the manual filing system. File-based system is a collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users. Each program defines and manages its data. However, five types of problem are occurred in using the file-based approach: Separation and isolation of data When data is isolated in separate files, it is more difficult for us to access data that should be available. The application programmer is required to synchronize the processing of two or more files to ensure the correct data is extracted. Duplication of data When employing the decentralized file-based approach, the uncontrolled duplication of data is occurred. Uncontrolled duplication of data is undesirable because: i. Duplication is wasteful ii. Duplication can lead to loss of data integrity Data dependence Using file-based system, the physical structure and storage of the data files and records are defined in the application program code. This characteristic is known as program-data dependence. Making changes to an existing structure are rather difficult and will lead to a modification of program. Such maintenance activities are time-consuming and subject to error. Incompatible file formats The structures of the file are dependent on the application programming language. Ho