基于单片机的超声波测距仪设计报告.docxVIP

基于单片机的超声波测距仪设计报告 　　中北大学　　毕业设计开题报告　　学生姓名：　　学院、系：　　专业：　　设计题目：　　指导教师:　　XX年3月10日学号：信息与通信工程学院通信工程基于单片机的超声测距仪设计丁永红　　毕业设计开题报告　　毕业设计开题报告　　基于单片机的超声波测距系统设计　　目录　　摘要································I　　1绪论·······················错误！未定义书签。　　超声波测距研究意义及发展概况···········································错误！未定义书签。　　超声波特性及超声换能器现状··············································错误！未定义书签。　　2超声波测距系统的原理及设计方案··········错误！未定义书签。　　超声波发生器及测距原理····················································错误！未定义书签。　　方案的设计······································································错误！未定义书签。　　超声波的电路设计·····························································错误！未定义书签。　　超声波发射与接收电路·······················································错误！未定义书签。　　3软件设计·····················错误！未定义书签。　　主流程图··········································································错误！未定义书签。　　温度读取程序····································································错误！未定义书签。　　LCD显示流程图·································································错误！未定义书签。　　外中断服务程序·································································错误！未定义书签。　　超声波发射程序·································································错误！未定义书签。　　结论························错误！未定义书签。　　参考文献······················错误！未定义书签。　　附录1部分程序···················错误！未定义书签。　　附录2总电路图···················错误！未定义书签。　　后记························错误！未定义书签。　　摘要　　本文介绍了一种基于单片机的超声波测距系统。该系统以空气中超声波的传　　播速度为确定条件，利用反射超声波测量待测距离，并且描述了系统研制的理论基础。文章概述了超声检测的发展及基本原理，介绍超声传感器的原理及特性，并且在介绍超声测距系统的基础上．提出了系统的总体构成。利用超声波检测往往比较迅速、方便、计算简单、易于做到实时控制，并且超声测距是一种非接触式的检测方式。与其它方法相比，如电磁的或光学的方法，它不受光线、被测对象颜色等影响。对于被测物处于黑暗、灰尘、烟雾、电磁干扰、有毒等恶劣的环境下有一定的适应能力的超声波测距器，可以应用于汽车倒车、建筑施工工地以及一些工业现场的位置监控，也可用于如液位、井深、管道长度的测量等场合。测量时与被测物体无直接接触，能够清晰稳定地显示测量结果。　　关键词：超声波测距单片机温度补偿　　第一章绪论　　超声波是指频率在20kHz以上的声波，它属于机械波的范畴。超声波也遵循一般机械　　波在弹性介质中的传播规律，如在介质的分界面处发生反射和折射现象，在进入介质后被介　　质吸收而发生衰减。它也有自已的特性，如它的频率可以非常高，达到兆赫级，因此，它在　　介质中传播时能量可以集中在很小的范围内，具有良好的成束性，也就是方向性好。　　1.有关于超声波的简单介绍　　课题研究背景　　超声波[1]是指频率在20kHz以上的声波，它属于机械波的范畴。