以废弃燃煤飞灰制成多孔陶瓷之特性及可行性分析研究.pdf

組別:■實作組□設計組 理工學院優秀專題競賽論文 以廢棄燃煤飛灰製成多孔陶瓷之特性及可行性分析研究 Characteristics and feasibility analyses for fabricating porous ceramics using waste coal fly ash *楊慶翔 林俊男 國立聯合大學環境與安全衛生工程學系 摘要 本研究以20 、40 、60 、80%汽電共生廠燃煤飛灰與高嶺土均勻混合成漿料，在泡綿及海綿前軀體 下，以模板法製備胚體後以 1,200 與1,300 °C 燒成，分析燒成後樣品性質及探討其可行性。在孔隙率 方面，不論泡綿或海綿，20–80%燃煤飛灰/ 1,200 °C或 1,300 °C ，均可製成高孔隙率（72–87% ）之多 孔陶瓷；吸水率則與孔隙率呈正向關係。提高煤灰比例，海綿多孔陶瓷在體密度及抗壓強度方面均有 提高現象；而泡綿多孔陶瓷卻呈現先微升再下降情況，推估為燃煤飛灰與高嶺土原料之顆粒比重不同 且泡綿孔洞過小，故泡綿內部漿料以高嶺土為主。綜合本研究，在40–60%煤灰及 1,300 °C 燒成溫度 下，兼具有效提升多孔陶瓷機械強度、僅略減少孔隙率之優點，亦驗證廢棄煤灰具有製成高附加價值 多孔陶瓷之可行性。 關鍵字：燃煤飛灰、模板法、 多孔陶瓷、孔隙率、抗壓強度 Coal fly ash (CFA) sampled from a combined heat and power factory was firstly mixed with kaolinite at 20, 40, 60, and 80%, respectively. Polyurethane (PU) and melamine (Mel) sponges was then employed as precursors in template method and fired at 1,200 or 1,300 °C for fabricating porous ceramics to analyze the product characteristics and method feasibility. The results show that 20–80% CFA/1,200 or 1,300 °C porous ceramics giving high porosities of 72–87% and water absorption was positively related with porosity. Moreover, bulk density (ρ ) and compressive strength (CS) increased with the ratios of CFA for PU-sponged b ceramics. However, ρb and CS increased firstly and then decreased for Mel-sponged ceramics, implying that high kaolinite ratio in the inner pore space of Mel caused by different density between CFA and kaolinite. In conclusion, 40–60% CFA/1,300 °C porous ceramics presents both of high mechanical strength and slightly decreasing high porosity properties, which verifies the feasibility of recycling waste CFA as a high vaue-added porous ceramics. Keywords: Coal fly