代际互惠还是福利不足.pdf

2011 年7 月 妇女研究论丛 July. 2011 第4 期总第106 期 Collection of Women ’s Studies No.4 Ser.No.106 代际互惠还是福利不足？ ———城市双职工家庭家务劳动中的代际交换与社会性别 陶艳兰 （南京大学社会学院，江苏南京210093） 关键词：老年女性；双职工家庭；家务劳动；性别 摘 要：老人帮助已婚儿女承担家务劳动，不能简单地被视为一种代际互惠。第一，在代际及性别权力关系改变与工业社会 变迁相互作用的背景下，这种传统意义上的代际互惠发生了改变。第二，代际互惠观念背后隐藏了一些意识形态，它们与工业化 进程中家庭功能外移之间存在矛盾和冲突。文章在父系家庭和工业社会变迁的理论框架下，从代际和性别权力关系的视角，着 重分析了城市双职工家庭中，在第一个孩子出世到上小学之前这段家庭生命周期内，祖父母特别是祖母协助双职工家庭中的儿 子和儿媳承担育儿及其他家务工作这一现象，探讨了在经济力量改变社会性别和父权制家庭关系的背景下，老年女性的福利遭 到削减、家庭面临工业化挑战、社会政策被期待做出调整等相关问题。 中图分类号：C913.11 文献标识：A 文章编号：1004-2563（2011）04-0013-07 Intergenerational Reciprocal Care or Welfare Default? ———Gender and Intergenerational Exchange of Care in Domestic Labor in Dual-earner Families TAO Yan-lan （School of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Nanjing university, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, China） Keywords: elderly women, dual-earner families, domestic labor, gender Abstract: This paper asserts that elderly women helping their sons and daughters-in-law with domestic labor cannot be simply viewed as a kind of intergenerational reciprocal care. Firstly, in the interplay of changes in intergenerational and gender relationships as well as in society, the traditional model of intergenerational reciprocal care also changes in varying degrees. Secondly, the paper identifies an implicit assumption underlining the view of intergenerational reciprocal care with respect to housework, which contradicts the outward extension of family functions in industrialization. This paper adopts a perspective of intergenerational and gender power relationships t