苏州大学医学部儿科临床医学院儿科学 Lesson17.pdfVIP

Short Stature Department of Pediatrics Soochow University Affiliated Children’s Hospital Short stature Aim and claim Understanding the growth of infant and child Familiar with the causes of short stature (mainly get hold of the causes of endocrine disorders) Get hold of the examination and investigation of short stature Short Stature As growth is the essential biological characteristic of childhood,failure of physical growth may be an important sign of disease. Short stature occurs in several endocrine diseases as the hormones from the pituitary(垂体),thyroid(甲状 腺),adrenals(肾上腺) and gonads(性腺) are involved in growth. Other types of disease in childhood can also impair growth and so the differential diagnosis of the short child is wide Short Stature There is a rapidly decelerating growth phase in infancy dependent on nutrition The steady,slowly decelerating growth phase in childhood is dependent on growth hormone The rapidly accelerating and decelerating pubertal growth spurt is dependent upon the normal secretion of GH(生长激素) and sex steroids(性类固醇激素). Definitions Any child whose height falls below the 3rd centile for his or her community should be considered short. The mean heights of children vary with race,geography and time. Causes of short stature *Familial short stature(家族性矮小) *Chromosomal disorders/syndrome: A.Turner syndrome *Constitutional delay of pubertal B.Silver-Russell syndrome growth spurt(体质性青春期延 迟) *Skeletal dysplasias: achondroplasia(软骨发育不良) *lowbirth weight (低出生体