考虑应力作用时间效应岩爆模拟试验-岩土工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

武汉理 武汉理工大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 (4)分析了岩爆声发射特征参数、波形与声发射定位；声发射事件数能够作 为岩爆发生前兆的依据，岩爆前，试件会产生大量的声发射事件数，且会有高 能量和高幅值的波形产生。声发射频谱特性表明，在岩爆前声发射频谱特性为 高频低幅，并且存在多个主频带，岩爆时声发射特性为低频高幅，主频带变为 一个，频率范围为 20Hz-40Hz，且有所变窄，岩爆后声发射频谱特性为低频中幅， 主频带比岩爆时有所变宽；多组试验的比较发现，强度的不同会影响主频带的 范围大小差异，强度越低其岩爆后的主频带就会越宽一点。利用声发射定位技 术，分析了岩爆时裂纹的发育、扩展到贯通成宏观裂纹的过程，声发射定位图 与室内现场试验的破坏图完全吻合，这对深入研究岩爆的破坏机理有着非常重 要的作用。 (5)运用 flac3d 软件，合理设置材料参数，选择与室内试验相同的应力边界和 位移边界条件，跟踪特征点的位移，全程监控屈服破坏状态，对室内试验结果 进行了验证和补充。模拟结果表明岩爆破坏是由于所受的拉应力超过极限抗拉 能力，产生大量拉伸微裂纹，进而发生的拉裂失稳破坏，这与物理模型试验结 果吻合。 关键词：岩爆，时间效应，模拟试验，声发射，破坏机理 II Abstract Rock burst is a dynamic instability failure phenomeno，due to excavation unloading the rock mass of underground engineering under the condition of high stress will come into being stress concentration in the excavation process of hard brittle rock, when the stress is more concentrated than the limit equilibrium state, the elastic strain energy stored in the rock will burst release, which has become one of the worlds underground engineering problems. At present, the domestic and international research on rock burst is generally based on the field monitoring and laboratory test, the test has two main limitations: one is the small test sample size under evenly distributed load, which can not simulate rock gradient stress environment; another is that loading process is less concerned about the time influence of stress effect. Based on the research of Wuhan University of Technology and three institute jointly developed YB-A type rock burst simulation test device, summarizing the engineering rock burst phenomenon according to the time and place, put forward a kind of gradient loading test method which takes the time influence of stress effect into consideration, then do rock burst simulation test denpend on different strength grade and different lateral pressure coefficients. Put forward a rock burst intensity judgment on the basis of test, analyze the mechanism of rock burst and acoustic emission characteristic. The main research results: