黄河流域典型区域非点源污染研究-环境工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 近年来，黄河流域随着社会经济的快速发展，水资源利用程度的进一步提高， 流域废污水量与日俱增，黄河流域水污染形势日趋严峻。黄河流域以往的水资源 保护工作，主要以点源污染控制为主，而非点源污染形成与控制的研究也是水环 境承载能力研究的一个重要方面，不容忽视。 本文选取了黄河流域的两个典型区域即宁夏灌区的农灌退水区域和水土流 失区域，对非点源污染问题进行了研究，主要研究内容为： 1、通过宁夏引黄灌区三个典型区域引、退水水量和水质的现场调查及监测， 典型区域土壤样品污染物浸出的模拟试验，及利用灌区首端下河沿和末端石嘴山 常设水文断面的水文、水质监测数据及灌区相关资料等，对宁夏灌区农灌退水非 点源污染进行了综合分析及宏观测算，估算出宁夏灌区农灌退水对黄河水质的影 响。 2、通过对6个典型支流流域(即黄河粗沙来源区：无定河、窟野河、黄甫 川；黄河细沙来源区：渭河、洛河(北洛河)、泾河)的土壤、泥沙、水样的监 测分析，典型区域土壤样品的浸提试验，并结合黄河及典型支流多年的水文资料， 对水土流失区域非点源污染进行了综合分析，估算出水土流失区域对黄河水质的 影响。 通过对黄河流域典型区域的不同类型的非点源污染调查和研究，给出了污染 量估算方法、技术和手段，丰富了这方面研究的内容，为黄河流域非点源控制、 制定和实施流域污染物总量控制方案及保护黄河水资源提供了一定的技术支持。 关键词：流域非点源污染农灌退水水土流失 AbstractIn Abstract In recent years，along with the social and economy fast developing and the utilization of water resources further enhancing，the volume of wastewater in Yellow River basin is increasing day by day．The water pollution problem in Yellow River basin is getting more serious．Previous studies on Yellow River basin water resources conservation primarily focused on the point source pollution contr01．However,the research on the nonpoint source pollution formation and control cannot be ignored，as it is also an important aspect within beating capacity ofwater resource． This research focused on the nonpoint source pollution in two typical regions of Yellow River：the agriculture filled draws back region and the soil erosion region． 1、Author chose three typical areas in the Ning xia Yellow fiver irrigation area to investigate and monitor the directing and drawing back water volume and the water quality,did simulation test ofsoil pollutant leaching in typical area，studied the hydrology at standing hydrological cross section，water quality monitor data，and other relative information in Xiaheyan irrigation area and Shizuishan in terminal． Through the generalized analysis and the macroscopic survey on the nonpoint source pollution ofthe agricultural irrigation draw back water at Ning，xia irrigation area， author estimated the influence ofdraw back water to the Yello